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1、2022年考博英语-南昌大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke. Nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. This is secondhand smoke. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reports that about fifty-three thousand
2、 people die in America each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think these chemicals harm a nonsmokers health. Recently, though, scientists expressed their opinion aft
3、er they studied a large group of nonsmokers. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic chemicals in their bodies. As a matter of fact, almost all of us breathe tobacco smoke at times, whether we realize it or not. For example, we cannot avoid secondhand smoke in resta
4、urants, hotels, and other public places. Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas, smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted.It is even harder for children to avoid secondhand smoke. In America, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one sm
5、oker. Research shows that these children are sick more often than the children who live in homes where no one smokes. The damaging effects of secondhand smoke on children also continue as they grow up. The children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults
6、as the children of nonsmokers. The risk is even higher for the children who live in homes where both parents smoke.1. It can be inferred that about fifty-three thousand people die in America .2. Non-smokers get harmed by smokers .3. Which of the following is NOT true?4. Which of the following is NOT
7、 listed as a negative effect imposed by secondhand smoking on children?5. Which group of children suffer from secondhand smoking to the greater extent?问题1选项A.because of smokingB.though they dont smokeC.because their parents smokeD.though their parents dont smoke问题2选项A.because of the poisonous smoke
8、they breathe inB.if they live togetherC.when there is no non-smoking area in the public utilitiesD.though the poisonous chemicals contained in the smoke dont harm them问题3选项A.Non-smokers may be passively involved in secondhand smokingB.Non-smokers may die of secondhand smokingC.We all, more or less,
9、suffer from secondhand smokingD.Secondhand smoking is even more harmful than smoking itself问题4选项A.They are sick more oftenB.They are more likely to develop mental diseaseC.It will influence their future lifeD.They are more likely to develop lung cancer问题5选项A.Children under the age of five living in
10、homes with no smokersB.Children under the age of five living in homes with one parent smokingC.Children under the age of five living in homes with two parents smokingD.Children under the age of five living away from their parents【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一段最后一句话提到美国每年大约有五万三千人死于二手烟（
11、The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reports that about fifty-three thousand people die in America each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke），由此可知选项B符合题意。2.判断推理题。文章第二段提到点燃的香烟产生的烟雾含有许多不同的有毒化学物质（The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals），接着提到
12、即使不吸烟的人体内也含有大量有害的有毒化学物质（They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic chemicals in their bodies），由此可知不吸烟的人之所以受吸烟人的影响是因为他们吸入了有毒气体，因此选项A符合题意。3.细节事实题。文章讲述了二手烟的危害，选项A“不吸烟的人被迫吸入二手烟”、选项B“不吸烟的人由于吸入二手烟而丧命”、选项C“我们所有人或多或少都会受到二手烟的影响”都能在文章中体现，因此选项D符合题意。4.细节事实题。文章并没有提到吸入二手烟的不良影响与精神疾病有
13、关，因此选项B符合题意。5.细节事实题。文章最后一段最后一句话提到对于那些父母都吸烟的家庭中的孩子来说，这种风险甚至更高（The risk is even higher for the children who live in homes where both parents smoke），因此选项C符合题意。2. 单选题While in London, we paid a visit to the hospital founded the nurse Florence Nightingale.问题1选项A.in favor ofB.in honor ofC.in line withD.in
14、place of【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。in favor of “支持，赞同”；in honor of “为纪念”；in line with “符合，与一致”；in place of “替代”。句意：在伦敦，我们参观了为纪念护士南丁格尔而创立的医院。选项B符合题意。3. 单选题If he had known how to repair the toaster, he surely her.问题1选项A.would tellB.would have toldC.will tellD.tells【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据if从句的动词时态，可判断出主句应该使用would+现在完成
15、时，因此选项B符合题意。句意：要是他知道怎么修理烤面包机，他肯定早就告诉她了。4. 单选题Improvements in quality control techniques have resulted in more high-quality products with very few _.问题1选项A.failuresB.defectsC.routesD.spots【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。failures “失败”；defects “缺点”；routes “路线”；spots “斑点”。句意：质量控制技术的改进使产品质量更高，缺陷更少。选项B符合题意。5. 单选题Geoffrey had been completely exhausted but felt considerably after a meal and a good rest.问题1选项A.refreshedB.renewedC.regainedD.reshaped【答案】A
