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1、2022年考博英语-电子科技大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Nuclear weapons are not the only explosive force（ ）civilization.问题1选项A.frighteningB.brighteningC.strengtheningD.threatening【答案】D【解析】句意:核武器不是威胁人类文明的唯一爆破力。考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的现在分词形式作explosive force的后置定语。frighten 使惊吓,吓唬;brighten (使)更明亮,色彩鲜艳,(使)快活起来;strengthen 加强,
2、巩固;threaten 威胁,恐吓。因此D符合句意。2. 单选题There is supposed to be a safety（ ）which makes it impossible for trains to collide, thus it can avoid heavy losses.问题1选项A.applianceB.accessoryC.machineD.mechanism【答案】D【解析】句意:应该要有一个可以避免火车相撞的机制，从而避免重大损失。考查名词辨析。appliance 器具，器械，装置，家用电器；accessory 配件，附件，法从犯，（衣服的）配饰；machine
3、机械；mechanism 机制，机械 装置。因此D符合句意。3. 单选题The mountain top was（ ）visible in the misty summer morning.问题1选项A.dimlyB.blanklyC.obscurelyD.blurredly【答案】A【解析】句意:这个山顶在有雾的夏日清晨里朦胧可见。考查副词辨析。Dimly昏暗地,朦胧地,模糊地; blankly茫然地,茫然若失地,呆呆地;obscurely费解地,晦涩地;blurredly模糊地。由题干关键信息“misty summer morning(有雾的夏日清晨)”可知A项符合句意。4. 单选题Jus
4、t remember one thing that（ ）decisions often lead to bitter regrets.问题1选项A.hastyB.promptC.urgentD.instant【答案】A【解析】句意:请只需记住一件事，即轻率的决定经常导致痛苦的遗憾。考查形容词辨析。hasty匆忙的，仓促而就的，草率的；prompt 敏捷的，迅速的，立刻的;urgent 紧急的，急迫的；instant 立即的，紧急的，紧迫的。因此A符合句意。5. 单选题The company expanded its business into Europe, hoping to（ ）.问题1选
5、项A.boostB.encourageC.urgeD.accelerate【答案】A【解析】句意:这家公司把它的业务扩展到了欧洲,希望能够增加市场份额。考查动词辨析。Boost 使增长,使兴旺,偷窃; encourage鼓励,激励; urge催促,驱策; accelerate 加快,加速。空格的宾语为“its market share (市场份额)”,因此A符合句意。6. 翻译题A popular way of mustering innovative and fresh ideas is to hold a brainstorming sessionbut according to a pa
6、per published recently in Applied Cognitive Psychology, this may not be the best approach. The study, which was carried out by Nicholas Kohn of the University of Texas at Arlington and Steven Smith of Texas A&M University, suggests that instead of enhancing creativity. brainstoiTnin.u sessions may g
7、ive rise to a “collaborative fixation” on certain ideas.(1)In keeping with previous studies, the authors first found that participants produced fewer ideas in total when taking part in a brainstorming session than if they had been working separately. The difference was as high as 44% in the first 5
8、minutes of a brainstorming session. The authors also found that when working separately particii)ants explored a greater variety of ideas, up to 55% more idea categories than dm.ing brainstomiing sessions. (2)In a second experiment, the researchers found that participants in a brainstorming session
9、tended to conform to ideas to which they were exposed, and the rate of conformity increased as the number of ideas exposed increased. (3) The authors wrote in their paper “Fixation to other peoples ideas can occur unconsciously and lead to you suggesting ideas that mimic your brainstoniiin partners.
10、 (4)Thus, you potentially become less creative,” Kohn explains in an accompanying press release. This doesnt necessarily mean that you should ban brainstorming sessions from your lab meetings. You might just need to adjust the format. It seems odd, but, depending on what you want to achieve, the bes
11、t approach might be to put everyone in a separate room. “Assuming it is desirable to have a wide variety of ideas or solutions to a problem.then one should split the brainstorming group into non-interacting individuals, avoiding a group session,” the authors write in their research paper. “On the ot
12、her hand, if the goal is to explore a few categories in depth, then interacting among the members should be encouraged. Also, taking a break might help alleviate fixation, leading to an improvement in ideation, especially in temis of the quantity and variety of ideas. (5)【答案】1.集体研讨会议不但没有提高创造性，反而可能在某
13、些想法上会引起“合作的固定”。2.作者们也发现，参与者独自工作吋会探讨出更多种类的想法，其数量比集体研讨会议上高出多达55%。3.集体研讨会议的参与者倾向于顺应自己所接触到的想法，而这种顺应的比率随着所接触的想法数量的增加而增加。4.“对其他人的想法的固执己见能不知不觉地发生，并且会导致你提出模仿你集体研讨会议伙伴的想法。”5.另外，休息一下可能帮助缓和固执己见，从而导致尤其是在想法数量和种类方面的思维能力的提高。7. 单选题She decided to（ ）her studies after obtaining her first degree.问题1选项A.recognizeB.pursu
14、eC.accomplishD.ensure【答案】B【解析】句意:在取得她的第一个学位后,她决定继续她的学业。考查动词辨析。recognize 识别,承认;pursue 继续,从事,追赶; accomplish 完成,实现,达到;ensure 保证,确保,使安全。因此B符合句意。8. 单选题Please do not be（ ）by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.问题1选项A.disregardedB.distortedC.irritatedD.intervened【答案】C【解析】句意:他只是想引
15、起注意，所以请不要因为他的不礼貌而生气。考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的过去分词形式表被动。Disregard 不顾，不理。Distort 歪曲，曲解。irritate激怒，发怒。Intervene 介入，干涉，阻挠，一般作不及物动词，不可用于被动语态。根据空格后的his bad manners(他的不礼貌)可判断，C项正确。9. 单选题The device can（ ）different measurements by electronics means.问题1选项A.imitateB.copyC.mockD.fake【答案】A【解析】句意:这个设备能通过电子手段来模拟不同的尺寸。考查动词辨析。Imitate模仿,仿效,模仿(某人的讲话、举止); copy 复制,抄袭;mock 愚弄,嘲弄;fake 捏造,假装的样子。故A符合
