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1、新目标七年级下册英语知识点总结Unit4 Dont eat in class!一、词组、短语1. 祈使句是指动词原形开头，表达命令或祈求的句子。其否定句是在句首加dont构成。2. arrive 到达，抵达arrive at + 小地点 arrive at school 到达学校arrive in + 大地点 arrive in Beijing 到达北京get to + 地点 get to Beijing 到达北京 get home 到家 get there 到那儿 reach + 地点 reach Beijing 到达北京 reach home 到家 get、arrive后接副词是，介词省略
2、。3. be late for + 名词 迟到 He was late for school. 他上学迟到了。4. outside (外面)- inside(里面)5. dining hall 餐厅，饭厅6. in /at school 在上学，在求学 in the school 在学校里7. have to do sth不得不做某事8. on school nights 上课期间的晚上9. too many + 可数名词 “太多” too many books 太多的书 too much + 不可数名词“太多” too much homework 太多的家庭作业10. No smoking!
3、 = Dont smoke! 请勿吸烟！ No food! = Dont eat food! 禁止吃东西！ No + 名词（短语）或动词-ing形式，表示“不许，不可，不能”11. later 后来，以后12. by “在.以前，到为止” I should finished homework by tomorrow.在明天之前我应该把作业做完。13. be in bed “睡觉，卧床”in bed “卧病在床” in the bed “在床上”go to bed “上床睡觉”强调动作二、重点句型1.Dont arrive late for schoolDont be late for scho
4、ol 2.Dont fight 3.Dont listen to music in the classroom.4.Dont run in the hallways5.Dont smoke .Its bad for your health.6.Dont play cards in school7.Dont talk in class8.Dont watch TV on school nights.9.Dont sleep in class.10.Dont play sports in the classrooms.11.Dont sing songs at night.12.Dont talk
5、 when you eat.13.Dont wear hats in class.14.Do homework by 10:00.15.Clean your house!16.Make the bed.17.Can we ? Yes ,we can . No, we cant.Eg: Can we arrive late for class ?No, we cant. We cant arrive late for class.18.Do you have to wash your clothes? Yes, I do./No, I dont.三、重点句子1. Dont arrive late
6、 for class.2. Dont run in the hallways.3. Dont eat in the classrooms.4. Dont listen to music in the classrooms or the hallways.5. Dont fight.6. What are the rules?7. Can we listen to music?8. Do you have to wear a uniform at school?9. What else do you have to do ?10. Dont go out on school night.11.
7、Practice your guitar every day .12. I have too many rules in my family.13. I cant meet my friends after school because I have to do my homeworkl14. I have to be in bed by ten Oclock.15. I have to help my Mom make dinner.16. Later , I have to go to the Childrens Palace to learn the piano.17. I never
8、have any fun, what can I do?四、重难点精析 祈使句 通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you(听话人)通常省略。其构成通常有以下几种形式。 1)Be型（即系动词原型be+表语其他）。 如：Be quiet,please. 否定句Dont + be+表语+其他。 如：Dont be angry. 2)Do型（即系动词原形宾语其他）。如： Open you books,please. 否定句Dont +实义动词原形+宾语+其他。 如：Dont eat in the classroom. 3)Let型（即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他）如： Let m
9、e help you. Lets go at six oclock. 否定句一般在宾语后加not。如： Let not watch TV. 4)No+V-ing型（此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中，意为“禁止做某事“）如： No smoking! 严禁吸烟！ No talking! 不许交谈！ No passing! 禁止通行！ No parking! 不许停车重难点解析：1. 情态动词have to 的用法，意思是必须、不得不，它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。（1）结构：主语have to动词原形其他（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用has to；句子是过去时，用had to.）如：
10、We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上，我们必须穿运动鞋。Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一，我不得不早上5点起床。（2）否定形式：主语dont have to动词原形其他（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用doesnt have to. 句子是过去时，用didnt have to）如：Nick doesnt have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。We di
11、dnt have to do our homework at once. 我们不必马上完成作业。（3）疑问句：Do （Does或Did）主语have to 动词原形其他如：Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必须呆在家里吗？Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 是的，我必须.不，我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚，他不得不11点前上床睡觉吗？ 2. 情态动词can的用法（1）表示能力，会能（在第一册中已经学习这种用法）Can you play the guita
12、r? 你会弹吉它吗？Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。（2）表示允许、许可，可以、能（在这一课中新学的词义）Can the students run in the hallways? 学生们可以在走廊上跑吗？We can eat outside. 我们可以在外面吃东西。Can I come in? 我能进来吗？注意：同样是情态动词，can 和have to 的用法是有区别的，和大部分情态动词一样，can在否定句中，直接在can后加上not，在疑问句中，把can放到主语前面，并且没有人
13、称和数的变化。3. hear，listen和sound都有听的意思，但三者是有区别的。（1）hear听说，侧重于听的内容Im sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了，我很难过。I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。（2）listen听侧重于听这一动作。Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜欢听音乐。（3）sound听起来，它是系动词，后面接形容词等。That sounds gr
14、eat. 那听起来真不错。It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣。4. be in bed 在床上、卧床in 和bed之间不能用冠词，bed也不用复数。He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床10年了。Dave has to be in bed early every night.大卫每晚必须很早睡觉。5.arrive late for 与be late for 意思相近迟到Dont arrive （be）late for school. 上学别迟到。I arrived （was）late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天开会迟到了
15、。6.No talking ! 禁止交谈！no后面加上名词或动名词（doing）也表示不要做某事。与dont +do的用法相似。No wet umbrellas! / Dont put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放湿雨伞！No food! Dont eat food here! 禁止吃食物！No smoking! Dont smoke here! 禁止吸烟！7语法（祈使句）祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召或者劝告等的句子，这类句子的主语常是第二人称you，也就是听话者，因而you常省去了。祈使句的开头是动词原形。如：Look out! 小心！Wait here for me! 在这等我！Be sure to come here on time! 务必准时来到这里！祈使句的否定形式多以do not（常缩写成dont）开头，再加上动词原形。Dont arrive late for school. 上学别迟到。Dont fight! 别打架！Dont look out
