新目标人教版八年级下期中复习语法和检测

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1、八年级下学期期中复习一重点词汇1. in the futurein the future意为“将来,一段时间之后的事”;in future意为“今后”,可解释为from now on,如: The little boy didnt know what he would do in the future, but he did know that he wouldnt talk with Bob in future because they had just had a big fight. 小男孩儿不知道将来要做什么,但他的确知道他今后不会再和Bob说话了,因为他们刚打了一架。2. fall

2、(过去式:fell;过去分词:fallen) fall down 跌倒, 例如: He fell down to the ground.fall in love with 爱上某人或某物, 例如: He fell in love with her.fall into 掉入, 例如:He fell into the river.fall onto跌倒在之上, 例如: He fell onto the ground from his bike.fall off 从跌落下来, 例如: He fell off his bicycle.3. talk 的用法talk about sth.意思是“谈论某事

3、”, 例如: Now lets talk about your homework. 现在我们来谈谈你的作业。talk with sb. 意思是“和某人交谈”, 例如: My mother is talking with my English teacher. 我妈妈在和我的英语老师交谈。talk to sb.意思是“对某人谈”, 例如:The teacher is talking to the students. 老师在对学生们谈话。talk over sth.作“讨论某事”解,宾语是代词时须位于副词over之前, 例如: They talked over the matter at tabl

4、e.他们吃饭时讨论了这个问题。give a talk意思是“作一个报告”注意要表示 “告诉某人某事”时,须用tell sb. about sth.这样的结构。4. argue with sb和discussargue 重在就自己的看法、立场提出论证说理,以说服他人。而 discuss 重在交换意见,进行讨论,不含有意说服对方的成分, 如:I argued with him for a long time,but he refused to listen to reason. 我和他辩论了好久,但他拒不服理。The women were discussing hats. 女人们在谈论帽子。arg

5、ue的常见搭配有:argue on / about sth. 就进行辩论argue with sbabout sth就某事与某人一起辩论5. enough “足够的,充足的”enough作为形容词放在名词之前,起修饰名词作用,作为副词修饰形容词或副词放置其后,常用于:be+ adj.+enough to do sth.的句型,意为“足以能”,如:She has drunk enough water/water enough. 她已经喝了足够的水。Im strong enough for this work. 我够强壮,足以能胜任这项工作。The boy is not old enough to

6、 go to school. 这孩子不够上学的年龄。He runs fast enough. No one can catch up with him. 他跑得足够的快。没人能赶得上他。另外,enough前除可用quite外,一般不用修饰;enough作名词用时,表示“足够,充足”,如: The man never has enough. 这个人永远不知足。Ive had enough,thank you. 我吃饱了,谢谢。6. find, find out和look forfind表示“找到,认为,觉得”,强调动作的结果。常指找到丢失或忘掉的东西,如: Jim couldnt find hi

7、s hat.吉姆找不着帽子了。I cant find my book.我找不到我的书。look for意为“找,寻找”是持续性动词,强调动作,不表示结果,如: She is looking for her son.她正在找她的儿子。Im looking for my watch. 我正在寻找我的手表。比较:He cant find his pen.他找不到他的钢笔了。- What are you looking for? 你在干什么?- Im looking for my maths book. I cant find it. 我正找我的数学书,我找不到了。find out作经过打听,询问 后

8、搞清楚,弄明白。或指“查明”的动作,“经过调查”发现,查明真相,如: I can find out the truth of the fact. 我能查出事实的真相。7. be angry with sb;be angry at sth(1)表示“对某人生气”,可以说 be/get/become angry with sb.也可说be/get/become angry at sb.前者更普遍,后者更侧重于:“对某人的言行生气”。如: Mother got angry at(with)me only because I had broken a precious cup妈妈对我发火,只是因为我打

9、破了一只贵重的杯子。I was very(rather)angry at what he said我对他所说的话非常生气。(2)表示“因某事生气”,可说be/get/become angry at sth.也可说be/get/become angry about sth.如:He was angry at(about)what I said他对我所说的感到生气。She was angry at being kept waiting她因别人让她久候而生气。8. on the tree和in the tree表示“在树上”既可以用on也可以用in,但用的词不一样,所隐含的意思也就不一样:in th

10、e tree通常表示所提物体不是树上长出来的,而是挂在、落在或是停歇在树上,如: The birds are singing in the trees. 鸟在树上唱歌。The child is staying in the tree. 小孩呆在树上。on the tree通常表示所提物体是树上长出来的部分,如: They are busy picking the apples on the trees. 他们正忙着摘树上的苹果。There arent many oranges on the tree. 这棵树上桔子不多。9. the same as 同一样的Same adj.同一的,相同的,如

11、: Meet me at the same time tomorrow. 明天的这个时间和我见面。pron. 同样的事物,如:I would do the same again. 我愿意重做一次。the sameas 同一样的,表示与as后的事物很相像,但并不是同一个,如:Your pen is the same as mine. 你的钢笔和我的一样。the same that = one and the same 同一样的,表示与as后的事物完全一致,完全一样,如:He was wearing the same shirt (that) hed on the day before.他穿的那件

12、衬衫, 是他前一天穿过的同一件衬衫。I went out the same way (that) Id got in. 我顺着进来的原路出去了。10. help with+n. = help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事,如:He often helps me with my English.= He often helps me to study English. 他经常帮助我学习英语。11. bored 和boring.bored 表示被动的含义,例如:I feel bored about it. 它使我感到乏味。boring 表示主动的含义,例如:It is very

13、 boring to study English. 学习英语很无聊。12. surprise 动词“使惊奇”,如:You surprise me! 你吓了我一跳!(1)surprise 还可以作为名词“惊奇,吃惊”;“可惊的事情, 意外的事情”。作为“令人吃惊的事情,意外的事情”是可数名词,如:What a surprise! 多么令人吃惊的事!Dont tell him about the present its a surprise.不要告诉他礼物的事,这是件意想不到的礼物。(2)surprising 形容词“令人吃惊的”,表示主动的含义,如:They have heard the sur

14、prising news. 他们听到了那惊人的消息。(3)surprised 形容词“感到惊讶的”,表示被动的含义,如:I am surprised at you. 我对你的举动感到诧异。(4)to ones surprise 使某人非常惊奇的是,如To my surprise,I found him sing well. 使我吃惊的是他歌唱得很好。13. different kinds of 意为“不同种类的”,“各种各样的”,等于all kinds of,kinds of 后面接可数或不可数名词均可。kind有两个词性:1)kind作名词,意为“种类”。如:There are many k

15、inds of animals in the zoo. 动物园里有很多种动物。2)kind作形容词,意为“和善的,友好的”。如Its very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好了。14. advice意为“劝告,意见,忠告”等,是不可数名词,前不加冠词。可用“a piece of advice”,“pieces of advice”的结构来表示数量。与advice搭配的动词短语有:follow/take sbs advice遵从某人的劝告ask sb. for advice向某人征求意见give sb. some advice 给某人提出建议如:The doctor gave us some advice on how to improve our health.医生对如何提高我们的身体素质提出了一些建议。15. 辨析leave和forget这两个词都有“遗忘,忘记”的意思,但用法不同,注意区别。1)leave+sth.+sp. 指“把某物遗忘在某地”如:I left my notebook in the

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