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1、2022年考博英语-西南政法大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题These seats are（ ）for old and sick people.问题1选项A.conservedB.deservedC.preservedD.reserved【答案】D【解析】近义词辨析题。A选项conserved“保存，保全”；B选项deserved“值得”；C选项preserved“保藏”；D选项reserved“保留”。句意：这些座位是留给老人和病人的。be reserved for意为“为保留”，所以选项D符合句意。2. 单选题A window in the kitchen was（
2、 ）, there was rubbish everywhere, and the curtains and carpets had been stolen.问题1选项A.scatteredB.scrapedC.scratchedD.smashed【答案】D【解析】动词辨析题。A选项scatter“撒播，散布”；B选项scrap“废弃，拆毁 ”；C选项scratch“抓，刮”；D选项smashed“打碎，粉碎”。句意：厨房的一扇窗户被打碎了，到处是垃圾，窗帘和地毯被偷了。选项D符合句意。3. 单选题If leadership, as its most basic meaning,（1）gett
3、ing things done through others, then persuasion is one of the leaders（2）tools. Many executives have assumed that this tool is（3）their grasp, available only（4）the charismatic and the eloquent. Over the past several decades,（5）experimental psychologists have（6）which methods reliably lead people to（7）,
4、 comply, or change. Their research shows that persuasion is governed by several principles that can be taught and applied.The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar （8）them than someone who is not. Wise managers, then,（9）peers to help make their cases. Second
5、, people are more willing to cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them as well. So it is（10）the time to uncover real similarities and offer（11 ）praise. Third, experiments（12）the intuitive truth that people tend to treat you the way you treat them. Its a（13）policy to do a favo
6、r（14） seeking one. Fourth, individuals are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and（15）.The message for managers here is to get commitments in writing. Fifth, studies show that people really do（16）experts. So before they attempt to exert influence, executives should take pains to estab
7、lish their own expertise and not assume that its（17）. Finally, people want more of a commodity（18）its scarce; it（19）, then, that（20）information is more persuasive than widely available data.问题1选项A.consists inB.consists ofC.constitutes ofD.composes of问题2选项A.fundamentalB.rudimentaryC.elementaryD.essen
8、tial问题3选项A.beyondB.withinC.inD.out问题4选项A.withB.forC.toD.at问题5选项A.thoughB.althoughC.even thoughD.but问题6选项A.studiedB.learnedC.examinedD.investigated问题7选项A.cedeB.concedeC.recedeD.retreat问题8选项A.withB.forC.toD.at问题9选项A.registerB.listC.enlistD.enroll问题10选项A.worthB.worth ofC.worth withD.worthy问题11选项A.authe
9、nticB.genuineC.realD.true问题12选项A.affirmB.confirmC.testifyD.verify问题13选项A.bestB.correctC.soundD.valid问题14选项A.asB.whileC.afterD.before问题15选项A.explicitlyB.implicitlyC.exultantlyD.introspectively问题16选项A.denyB.defer toC.confer toD.refer to问题17选项A.self-containedB.self-possessedC.self-opinionatedD.self-evi
10、dent问题18选项A.whereB.whenC.whetherD.even if问题19选项A.obeysB.abidesC.followsD.happens问题20选项A.exclusiveB.inclusiveC.scarceD.reliable【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:A第6题:A第7题:B第8题:C第9题:D第10题:A第11题:B第12题:C第13题:C第14题:B第15题:A第16题:B第17题:D第18题:B第19题:D第20题:B【解析】（1）词组辨析题。A选项consist in“在于”；选项B和D都表示“由组成或构成”的意思；C选项const
11、itute为及物动词，后面不需要接介词of。所以只有选项A符合原文。句意：如果领导力，作为其最基本的含义，在于通过他人完成任务。（2）形容词辨析题。A选项fundamental“基本的，根本的”；B选项rudimentary“初步的”；C选项elementary“初级的”；D选项essential“必要的”。根据原文可知，这里指“必要的工具”，所以选项D符合原文。（3）考查固定搭配。beyond ones grasp意为“鞭长莫及”，原文指“超出能力范围”。句意：许多高管认为，这一工具超出了他们的掌握范围。所以选项A符合原文。（4）介词辨析题。be available for指“有效，对有用”
12、；be available to指“可被.利用或得到的”；选项A和D则无此搭配。句意：（这一工具）只有有魅力和有口才的人才能使用。原文中的主语是“this tool”，工具是被利用，所以选项C正确。（5）考查逻辑连接词。根据原文可知，这里应填入表示让步的逻辑关系连词，所以首先排除选项D，but表转折。而选项B和C只能位于句首，所以只有选项A正确，though既可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。（6）逻辑推理题。根据原文可知，这里指实验心理学家已经研究了一些可靠的方法，所以选项A更符合语境。选项C和D都是调查的意思，不符合语境。（7）逻辑推理题。根据下文的“comply, or change”可知，
13、填空处应填入与这两个词意思相近的单词。A选项cede“放弃，割让”；B选项concede“让步，退让”；C选项recede“后退，撤回”；D选项retreat“撤退”。选项B更符合语境。（8）介词辨析题。be similar to为固定介词搭配，意为“与相似”，所以选项C正确。（9）动词辨析题。A选项register“登记”；B选项list“列清单”；C选项enlist“使入伍”；D选项enroll“使加入，招收”。根据原文句意：明智的管理者会招募同伴来帮助他们。选项D更符合语境。（10）考查固定搭配。It is worth the time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“值得花时间去
14、做某事”，所以选项A正确。（11）近义词辨析题。四个选项都有“真实的，真正的”意思，但是根据原文的语境，这里指的是“给予真诚的赞扬”。只有选项B有“真诚的，诚挚的”意思，所以更恰当。（12）动词辨析题。A选项affirm“断言，确认”；B选项confirm“确认，批准”；C选项testify“证明，证实”；D选项verify“核实，查证”。原文句意：实验证明了直觉的真理，选项C更符合句意。（13）考查固定搭配。sound policy为固定搭配，意为“明智的做法”。选项C正确。（14）考查逻辑连接词。跟据原文句意：在寻求帮助的同时给予帮助是一个明智的做法。选项B符合原文语境。（15）副词辨析题。A选项explicitly“明确地”；B选项implicitly“含蓄地”；C选项exultantly“欢欣鼓舞地”；D选项introspectively“好反省地”。根据原文可知，填空处应填入和voluntarily“自动地，自愿地”意思
