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1、2022年考博英语-昆明理工大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Ploughs and other agricultural（ ）were on display at the recent exhibition.问题1选项A.machineryB.playthingsC.implementsD.appliances【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项machinery“（统称）机器，机构，体制”；B选项plaything“玩物，玩乐对象”；C选项implement“工具，器具”一般指用手操作的工具；D选项appliance“（家用）电器，器具”，指以煤气和电为动力的器具。由and
2、可知Ploughs（犁）与other agricultural _是并列主语，C选项可与agricultural搭配，且与ploughts对应。句意：在最近的展览会上展出了犁和其它农业工具。2. 翻译题Read the following paragraph carefully and then translate it into Chinese.Physics, as well as pure mathematics, has supplied material for the philosophy of logical analysis. This has occurred especia
3、lly through the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics（量子力学）.What is important to the philosopher in the theory of relativity is the substitution of space-time for space and time. Common sense thinks of the physical world as composed of “things” which persist through a certain period of time and
4、 move in space. Philosophy and physics developed the notion of “thing” into that of “material substance,” and thought of material substance as consisting of particles, each very small, and each persisting throughout all time. Einstein substituted events（事素）for particles; each event had to each other
5、 a relation called “interval,” which could be analyzed in various ways into a time element and a space-element. The choice between these various ways was arbitrary（任意的）, and no one of them was theoretically preferable to any other.【答案】物理学和纯数学为逻辑分析哲学提供了材料。这一点尤其是通过相对论和量子力学体现出来。在相对论中，对哲学家来说，重要的是用时空代替时间
6、和空间。常识认为物质世界是由“东西”组成的，这些“东西”在一定时间内持续存在，并在空间中运动。哲学和物理学把“东西”的概念发展成“物质实体”的概念，并把物质实体看作是由粒子组成的，每个粒子都很小，而且每个粒子始终存在。爱因斯坦用事素代替粒子；每个事素与其他事素之间都有一种叫作“间隔”的关系，可以用不同的方式把这种关系分析成一个时间元素和一个空间元素。在这些不同的方法之间的选择是任意的，理论上没有哪一种方法比任何其他方法更可取。3. 单选题Plastic heart valves and other human “spare parts” have （ ）possible many recent
7、 developments in surgery.问题1选项A.made itB.been madeC.madeD.become【答案】C【解析】考查语态。句子的主语为Plastic heart valves and other human “spare parts”（塑料心脏瓣膜和其他人体器官“零件”），宾语为many recent developments（最近许多的发展），主语与宾语之间为主动关系，故排除B选项。句子的宾语在possible后面不需要形式宾语，故排除A选项。have become possible表示“成为可能”，have made possible表示“使成为可能”，根
8、据句意可知C选项符合语境。句意：塑料心脏瓣膜和其他人体器官“零件”使最近许多的发展成为可能。4. 单选题The children have a more（ ）view, only taking in consideration what will work.问题1选项A.pragmaticB.drearyC.maritalD.dominant【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项pragmatic“实用的，讲求实效的”；B选项 dreary“令人沮丧的，沉闷的”；C选项marital“婚姻的，夫妻关系的”；D选项dominant“首要的，占支配地位的，占优势的”。由后面的“only taki
9、ng in consideration what will work（只有考虑到什么才能起作用）”可知A选项最符合逻辑搭配。句意：孩子们有一个更实用的观点，只考虑什么会起作用。5. 单选题When she saw the clouds she went back to the house to （ ）her umbrella.问题1选项A.carryB.fetchC.bringD.reach【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项carry“拿，运送，携带”，指一般的搬运，多指用人力；B选项fetch“（去）拿来，（去）请来”，指说话人离开说话处，去别处把某人或某物带来；C选项bring“带来，
10、引来”，从别处拿某物到说话人处，由远及近；D选项reach“到达”。根据选项的意思及句意可知选B。句意：当她看到了乌云的时候，她回到房子里去拿她的雨伞。6. 单选题Being impatient is（ ）with being a good teacher.问题1选项A.intrinsicB.ingeniousC.incompatibleD.inherent【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项intrinsic“固有的，内在的，本身的”，强调事物本身的特性，多用于术语；B选项ingenious“精巧的，心灵手巧的”；C选项incompatible“（与某事物）不一致，不相配，（与某人）合不
11、来”；D选项inherent“固有的，内在的”，有继承而来的，传下来的这种内在和固定，多用于一般词语。由impatient（没有耐心的）可知C选项符合语境。句意：没有耐心是不可能成为一名好老师的。7. 单选题Tom（ ）better than to ask Dick for help.问题1选项A.shall knowB.has knownC.shouldnt knowD.should have known【答案】D【解析】考查固定结构。should have done表示“本该做某事而实际未做”，know better than to do sth.表示“明白事理而不至于”。句意：Tom本应
12、知道不该请Dick帮忙。8. 单选题Newspapers and magazines carry extensive（ ）of diet and health topics, and diet books are among the best sellers.问题1选项A.sketchB.concernC.coverageD.involvement【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项sketch“素描，速写，草图”；B选项concern“担心，忧虑，关心”；C选项coverage“新闻报道，（书、课程学习、电视等的）信息范围，覆盖范围”；D选项involvement“参与，加入”。由主语Ne
13、wspapers and magazines（报纸和杂志）可知C选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：报纸和杂志对饮食和健康话题进行了广泛的新闻报道，减肥书籍是最畅销书之一。9. 单选题The terrorist attacks in London Thursday served as a stunning reminder that in todays world, you never know what you might see when you pick up the newspaper or turn on the TV. Disturbing images of terror can trigg
14、er an instinctive response no matter how close or far away from home the vent happened.Throughout history, every military conflict has involved psychological warfare in one way or another as the enemy sought to break the morals of their opponent. But thanks to advances in technology, the popularity
15、of the Internet, and proliferation of news coverage, the rules of engagement in this type of mental battle have changed.Whether its a massive attack or a single horrific act, the effects of psychological warfare arent limited to the physical damage inflicted. Instead, the goal of these attacks is to instill a sense of fear that is much greater than the actual threat itself.Therefore, the impact of psychological terror depends la
