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1、2022年考博英语-江西财经大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The governments inability to （ ） its own laws and regulations disappointed the electorate.问题1选项A.guaranteeB.strikeC.sanctionD.enforce【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项guarantee“保证，承诺”；B选项strike“撞击；打”；C选项sanction“制裁，处罚；认可；支持”；D选项enforce“实施，执行”。句意：政府无法执行自己的法律法规令选民失望。由空格后的关键词“la
2、ws and regulations法律和法规”可知“实施”符合句意，因此D选项正确。2. 单选题Online schools, which （ ） the needs of different people, have emerged as an increasingly popular education alternative.问题1选项A.consent toB.stir upC.switch onD.cater to【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项consent to“同意；答应；赞成”；B选项stir up“激起；煽动；搅拌；唤起”；C选项switch on“接通，开启”；D
3、选项cater to“迎合；为服务”。句意：满足不同人群需求的网上学校已经成为一种日益流行的教育方式。由空格后的关键词“the needs of 的需求”可知“迎合”符合句意，因此D选项正确。3. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. You should write your answer on the Answer Sheet.41. The crucial point is this: labor, land and money are essential elements of industry; th
4、ey also must be organized in market; in fact, these markets form an absolutely vital part of the economic-system. But labor, land and money are obviously not commodities. Labor is only another name for a human activity which goes with life itself, which in its turn is not produced for sale but for e
5、ntirely different seasons, nor can that activity be detached from the rest of life, be stored or mobilized; land is only another name for nature, which is not produced by man; actual money, finally, is merely a token of purchasing power which, as a rule, is not produced at all, but comes into being
6、through the mechanism of banking or state finance. None of them is produced for sale. The commodity description of labor, land and money is entirely fictitious.【答案】关键在于：劳动力、土地和金钱是工业的基本要素；在市场上，它们还必须以组织有序的形式呈现；事实上，这些市场构成了经济体系中绝对重要的一部分。然而劳动力、土地和金钱显然不是商品。劳动只不过是一种与生命相伴的人类活动的别名。这种人类活动不是为了出售而产生的，而是顺应不同季节而出
7、现的。并且这种活动也不能与生命体的其他活动分离开来，无法被储存和调用。土地只是自然的另一个名称，它不是由人类产生的；实际的货币仅仅是购买力的一种表征，一般来说，这种购买力根本无法被生产，而是通过银行或国家财政机制形成的。它们都不是为销售而存在的。对劳动、土地和金钱的商品性描述完全是虚构的。4. 单选题Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Texting has long been bemoaned (哀叹) as the downfall of the written word, “penmanship for illite
8、rates,” as one critic called it. To which the proper response is LOL. Texting properly isnt writing at all. Its a “spoken” language that is getting richer and more complex by the year.First, some historical perspective. Writing was only invented 5,500 years ago, whereas language probably traces back
9、 at least 80,000 years. Thus talking came first; wring is just a craft that came along later. As such, the first writing was based on the way people talk, with short sentences. However, while talking is largely subconscious and rapid, writing is deliberate and slow. Over time, writers took advantage
10、 of this and started crafting long-winded sentences such as this one: “The whole engagement lasted above 12 hours, till the gradual retreat of the Persians was changed into a disorderly flight, of which the shameful example was given by the principal leaders and”No one talks like that casuallyor sho
11、uld. But it is natural to desire to do so for special occasions. In the old days, we didnt much write like talking because there was no mechanism to reproduce the speed of conversation. But texting and instant messaging doand a revolution has begun. It involves the crude mechanics of writing, but in
12、 its economy, spontaneity and even vulgarity, texting is actually a new kind of talking, with its own kind of grammar and conventions.Take LOL. It doesnt actually mean “laughing out loud” in a literal sense anymore. LOL has evolved into something much subtler and sophisticated and is used even when
13、nothing is remotely amusing. Joeelyn texts “Where have you been?” and Annabelle texts back “LOL at the library studying for two hours.” LOL signal basic empathy (同感) between texters, easing tension and creating a sense of equality. Instead of having a literal meaning, it does somethingconveying an a
14、ttitudejust like the -ed ending conveys past tense rather than “meaning” anything. LOL, of all things, is grammar.Of course no one thinks about that consciously. But then most of communication operates without being noticed. Over time, the meaning of a word or an expression driftsmeat used to mean a
15、ny kind of food, silly used to mean, believe it or not, blessed.Civilization, then, is finepeople banging away on their smartphones are fluently using a code separate from the one they use in actual writing, and there is no evidence that texting is ruining composition skills. Worldwide people speak
16、differently from the way they write, and textingquick, casual and only intended to be read onceis actually a way of talking with your fingers.16. What do critics say about texting?17. In what way does the author say writing is different from talking?18. Why is LOL much used in texting?19. Examples like meat and silly are cited to show（ ）.20.
