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1、2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural （ ）.问题1选项A.traditionB.transportationC.transmissionD.transformation【答案】D【解析】形近词辨析题。tradition“惯例，传统”；transportation“运输”；transmission“传递，传送”；transformation“转换，改革”。句意：20世纪见证了全
2、世界巨大的政治、经济和文化的变革。选项D符合语境。2. 单选题I admire her courage, compassion and （ ）to the cause of humanity, justice and peace.问题1选项A.devotionB.determinationC.oppositionD.realism【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。devotion奉献，忠诚，热爱；determination决心，果断；opposition反对；realism现实主义。句意：我钦佩她为了人道，正义与和平所表现出来的勇气、同情心和奉献精神。选项A符合句意。3. 单选题The surve
3、y found 80 percent of viewers were （ ）by the violent scenes in the film.问题1选项A.damagedB.alertedC.offendedD.discouraged【答案】C【解析】动词辨析题。damage损害；alert警惕；offend冒犯；discourage阻止，使气馁。句意：调查发现，80%的观众会被电影中的暴力镜头所触怒。be offended by意为“被.触怒”，选项C符合句意。4. 单选题Henry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer,
4、once said. “The business of America is business.” By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world.Few would argue with Fords statements. A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example,
5、nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and managements, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily. In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welf
6、are, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the police of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment industry” or “show business.”The po
7、sitive side of Henry Fords statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has brought to U.S. life. One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job. Jobs are produced in abundance because the U.S economic
8、system is driven by competition. People believe that this system crates more wealth, more job, and a materially better way of life.The negative side of Henry Fords statement, however, can be seen when the world business is taken to mean big business. And the term big business-referring to the bigges
9、t companies-is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U.S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the fight to form unions. Today many of the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. Downsizingthe laying off of th
10、ousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high creates feeling of insecurity for many.1.The United States is a typical country（ ）.2.The influence of business in the U.S. is evidenced by the fact that（ ）.3.According to the passage, immigrants choose to settle in the U.S dreaming that（ ）.4.H
11、enry Fords statement can be taken negatively because（ ）.5.A companys efforts to keep expenses low and profits high may result in（ ）.问题1选项A.which encourages free trades at home and abroadB.which normally works according to the federal budgetC.where all businesses are managed in a scientific wayD.wher
12、e peoples chief concern is how to make money问题2选项A.Americans of all professions know how to do businessB.even public organizations concentrate on working for profitsC.most newspapers are run by big businessesD.even arts and entertainment are regarded as business问题3选项A.they can start profitable busin
13、esses thereB.they can be more competitive in businessC.they will make a fortune overnight thereD.they will find better chances of employment问题4选项A.working people are facing to fight for their rightsB.there are many industries controlled by a few big capitalistsC.there is a conflicting relationship b
14、etween big corporations and laborD.public services are not run by the federal government问题5选项A.reduction in the number of employeesB.improvement of working conditionsC.fewer disputes between labor and managementD.a rise in workers wages【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A【解析】第1题:推理判断题。文章第一段第二句话提到“亨利福特的话意味着
15、美国人的生活都是建立在商业价值上的”（By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world），换句话说，美国人关心的就是如何去创造商业价值，选项D“人们主要关心的问题是如何赚钱”符合题意。第2题:推理判断题。文章第二段主要讲述了与报纸相关的内容，无论是什么类型的报纸，都能看到与商业相关的内容。文章第二段最后一句话提到即使是艺术和娱乐都被看成是“娱乐业”（The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment industry” or “show business.”），这证明了美国的商业影响非常广泛。选项D符合题意。第3题:细节事实题。文章第三段第一句话提到“这么多人来美国生活的一个重要原因是他们可以在这里找到更好的工作”（One of the most important reasons so
