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1、物流与区域发展经济特区之间的关系以及物流和区域发展外文翻译 外文翻译原文Logistics and regional development. The relation between special economic zones and logistic and regional development Material Source: TNO Inro Author: M. Iding R. Thijs B. Kuipers1 CASE STUDY: SINGAPORE1.1 Free Trade Zones in Singapore1.1.1 Overview of free trade
2、 zones The free port concept of Singapore dates back to the overseas expansion from English and French colonists from the early 18th to the late 19th century who developed in 1819 Singapore and on different point is time: Gibraltar, Hong Kong, Aden and Djibouti into free ports or FTZsZhan 1993 in Ch
3、en 1994. The free zone concept belongs to the heritage of Singapore and nowadays Singapore is still a free trade zone/free port. This means that most items can be imported duty free. However some goods are subject to import duties, namely motor vehicles, intoxicating liquors, tobacco products and pe
4、troleum products. A goods and services tax GST of 3%is imposed on the supply or importation of goods into Singapore. No GST tax or import duties for dutiable goods are paid when goods stay in assigned free trade zone areas in Singapore. These are the true free trade zones in Singapore, where imports
5、 are deposited before they are transferred overseas or enter customs territory in Singapore. Since its independency, Singapore has several free trade zones FTZs which are mainly used for transshipment purposes. Goods are stored within the zones without any customs documentation until they are releas
6、ed in the market, and can be processed break bulk, consolidation, VAL and re-exported with minimum formalities. In this description of a FTZ a bonded warehouse is simply a geographical “satellite” of the free zone concept. The FTZs are located at the Cargo Terminal Complex of Changi Airport, the Por
7、t of Singapore, Jurong Port, Sembawang Wharves, and Pasir Panjang Wharves. Instead of the earlier described zones in Chapter 2 and in Curacao and Trinidad and Tobago, no manufacturing takes place value adding is subject to GST and no other preferential tax advantages go along with companies carrying
8、 out activities in the free zone incentives are not related to the free trade zone.The FTZ focuses on connectivity and is no EPZ. The companies in the zone are mainly forwarding and stevedoring companies carrying out the transshipment. Within the FTZ cargo can be moved, consolidated, stored, broken
9、down and repacked without customs formalities. The companies in the 47 hectare airport free zone are mostly international companies and regional logistic players. Multinational names present in the airport zone are e.g. Exel and Danzas and regional players are K-line and Nippon. Own account regional
10、 distribution centers are therefore mostly not located in the free zone, but on its own bonded location or on the location of the logistic service provider in the case of an outsourced RDC. There are some examples of RDCs in the FTZ, namely BMW for spare parts in Sembawang Wharves. As space is very
11、scarce in these zones, more and better locations are offered outside the FTZs. The free trade zones will probably expand in the future. In an article it is stated that GohChok Tong, the prime minister of Singapore, said that Singapore intends to be a global integrated logistics hub, and that special
12、 customs treatment will no longer be restricted to free trade zones around the port and airport. Cargo tracking technology should allow us to extend this concept of a free trade zone to other parts of the island, he said in Wong, 2002.1.1.2 The development of the Free Airport Logistic of Singapore i
13、n more detail An actual initiative is to create a free airport logistics park to facilitate further growth in air cargo and value-added air logistics. Jurong Town Corporation JTC, CAAS, EDB and Customs will jointly develop a 26-hectare logistics park at the airport-the Airport. Logistics Park of Sin
14、gapore ALPS.ALPS is conceived to promote quick turnaround and value-added logistics activities. These include postponement, configuration, subassembly, returns and repairs, vendor-managed inventory etc, for time-sensitive products. In the ALPS more opportunities are given for Value Added Logistics.
15、While in the current FTZs, the major activity is transshipment sec, the activities in the ALPS consists of all kinds of VAL activities. Products coming into Singapore can undergo modification and be flown to any of the worlds markets or visa versa, without leaving the FTZ. Third Party Logistic Servi
16、ce providers in the park will realize savings on duties, custom clearance and transportation. These shorter response times and faster redistribution are among the advantages. The ALPS is presented by the developers as an integrated logistic hub, ideal for 3PLs with the following activities:Data hub/technical supportIT/e-commerceMaterials/Vendor hubSupply Chain ConsultingPostponement and configurationRe
