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1、初中英语校本阅读教学探究关键问题分析说明首师大二附中刘靓一、教学内容选取说明“语言需要大量的输入，创造性地开发和利用现实生活中鲜活的英语学习资源，拓展学生学习和运用英语的渠道”（教育部，2011）在学习英语的过程中，学生们需要接触大量的鲜活的英语语言材料，在潜移默化中去感知、 体验和使用英语，同时培养学生们分析问题和解 决问题的能力。中学生英语阅读新视野（第三版）丛书是上海教育出版社于 2012年出版的一套课外 阅读教材，共4册，为老师和学生提供大量的不同题材、原汁原味的阅读篇章和一些配套的强化练习，我校为初二年级实验班选取第二册作为校本阅读教材。其中第四单元咖啡文化是学生很感兴趣的一个话题，
2、并且学生们对这个话题有一定的背景知识储备。文章标题为咖啡文化，全文共五段，分别介绍了星巴克的总体情况、开始、转变、成长和问题，结构清 晰，对于问题的阐述和分析层次分明，语言地道，适合给学生作为校本补充阅读材料。二、学生情况说明初二2班是本年级的实验班，共 38人。大多数学生对英语学习感兴趣，思维活跃，能 够积极参与课堂活动，喜欢讨论，乐于表达。在课堂活动中，学生们通过个人、对子、小组 和全体讨论等活动形式对文章进行阅读、分析和评鉴，并对需要深度思考的问题展开讨论。三、教学目标说明根据所选取的教学内容和学生情况，本节课的教学目标为在本节阅读课后，学生们能够1、通过阅读找出五段话的段落大意，并获取
3、关于星巴克发展的细节信息。（知识与技能）2、通过整体阅读和细节阅读相结合的方法，把握文章整体结构和细节信息。（过程与方法）3、了解咖啡文化，分析星巴克成功的原因与出现问题的根源，思考和讨论解决问题的方法。（情感态度价值观）四、设计思路说明（一）教材内容调整补充背景知识关于咖啡和咖啡文化， 学生们是有所了解的， 适当补充一些与咖啡文化相关的词汇 和背景知识为阅读做好准备是完成本课阅读教与学的前提。2 、调整教材提供的学习活动教材提供的读前活动是三个问题和目标词汇的释义匹配，读中活动为回答五个阅读问题，读后活动为词汇知识的强化训练。 我做了如下的调整： 读前活动为猜谜游戏 和小组讨论为阅读铺垫词汇
4、，读中活动为段落大意匹配、细节信息回答问题及填空、 和文章思维导图，读后活动为深层问题的讨论。3 、增加深层阅读和讨论环节学习英语的价值在于“交流并不是语言的全部功能，教外语不仅仅是让学生掌握一种工具，而是让他们改变他们的生活和心智”（龚亚夫，2014）。所以，通过阅读教学，培养学生对文章的深层理解和对问题的深层思考是最为重要的。通过这篇阅读，“星巴克公司能够抓住机会，从一个小店发展成全球连锁企业的成功的原因是什么？公司遭遇瓶颈期所存在的问题又是什么？你能够想到的解决办法有什么？”这些都是值得学生们去思考和讨论的。当然，作为中学生，我并没有期待他们能多么高深的去分析问题，解决问题，而是在潜移默
5、化中培养他们发现问题和解决问题的 能力，这也是英语学科教学中“人文性”必不可少的一部分。（二）课堂教学流程读中激活背景知识 铺垫词汇猜谜游戏进一步铺垫 词汇小组讨论读后作业段落大意搭配关注段落大意细节问题 回答填空关注细节关注全文思维导图分析问题解 决问题深层问题讨论设计校园咖 啡屋海报运用所学 融入生活五、附录教材内容Coffee Culture1. Although people everywhere seem to enjoy drinking coffee, they do not all have the same coffee culture. In Europe for exam
6、ple, coffee shops are common places for people to meet friends and to talk while they drink coffee. On the other hand, locations like this were not as common in North America in the past. Instead, people in North America tended to drink coffee in their homes with their friends. The coffee culture in
7、 the USA changed when Starbucks coffee shops spread across the country.2. The first Starbucks coffee shop opened in 1971 in downtown Seattle, Washington, in the USA.It was a small coffee shop that roasted its own coffee beans. The coffee shop s business dieand by 1981, there were three more Starbuck
8、s stores in Seattle.3. Things really began to change for the company in 1981. That year, Howard Schultz (see the photo) met the three men who ran Starbucks. Schultz worked in New York for a company that made kitchen equipment. He noticed that Starbucks ordered a large number of special coffee makers
9、, and he was curious. Schultz went to Seattle to see what Starbucks did. In 1982, the original Starbucks owners hired Schultz as the company s head of marketing.4. In 1983, Schultz traveled to Italy. The unique atmosphere of the espresso bars there caught his eye. Back in the USA, Schultz created an
10、 atmosphere for Starbucks coffee shops that was comfortable and casual, and the customers everywhere seemed to like it. Starbucks began opening more locations across the USA. Then the company opened coffee shops in other counties as well. Today, there are more than 16,000 Starbucks coffee shops worl
11、dwide.5. However, that does not mean Starbucks has not had problems. As a matter of fact, many Starbucks locations have closed over the past few years. In some cases, this is because there were too many coffee shops competing for business in one small area. In other cases, locations in some countries closed because the coffee culture there did not match with the“ feel the sameeverywhere “tmosphere offered by Starbucks.
