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1、2022年考博英语-南开大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Plastic bags are useful for holding many kinds of food, （ ） their cleanness, toughness, and low cost.问题1选项A.in addition toB.by virtue ofC.as opposed toD.for the sake of【答案】B【解析】介词短语含义辨析。in addition to“除.之外（还有, 也）”;by virtue of“由于, 凭借”;as opposed to“与截然相反, 对照”;for
2、the sake of“为了, 为了的利益”。句意:塑料袋用来装各种食物很有用, 因为其卫生, 结实, 便宜。选项B符合语境。2. 单选题Alone in a deserted house, he was so busy with his research work that he felt （ ） but lonely.问题1选项A.nothingB.anythingC.allD.everything【答案】B【解析】不定代词的用法。nothing but只有，只不过；anything but根本不，绝不；all but几乎，差一点儿；没有everything but的用法，排除。句意：他独
3、自一个人在一所废弃的房子里，忙于研究工作，一点儿也不感到孤独。选项B符合句意。3. 单选题I took someone elses book（ ）mistake.问题1选项A.inB.forC.withD.by【答案】D【解析】固定搭配。by mistake为固定短语, 意为“错误地, 由于差错”。句意:由于差错, 我拿了别人的书。所以选项D正确。4. 单选题At Wembley, the home of football, countless thousands of people spend Sunday morning amongst the （ ） selling everything
4、 from shoes to model trains.问题1选项A.stallsB.staturesC.stalksD.statutes【答案】A【解析】名词词义辨析。stalls货摊 ；statures身高，身材；stalks茎秆；statutes法令。句意：成千上万的人整个星期天上午都流连于出售从鞋子到模型火车等各种商品的小摊位。选项A符合句意。5. 单选题A luxury express train jumped the tracks on a bridge in eastern India, killing at least 50 on the spot. According to
5、the Northern Railway spokesman, the death（ ）is expected to rise.问题1选项A.tollB.figureC.spanD.yield【答案】A【解析】名词词义辨析。toll“伤亡人数，代价”；figure“数字，图形”；span“跨度，范围”；yield“产量， 收益”。句意：一辆豪华特快列车在印度东部一座桥上脱轨，造成至少50人当场死亡。据北方铁路发言人表示，死亡人数预计还会上升。death toll表示“死亡人数”，符合句意。所以选项A正确。6. 单选题The main road through Littlebury was bl
6、ocked for three hours today after an accident （ ） two lorries.问题1选项A.involvingB.includingC.combiningD.containing【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。involve“涉及”;include“包括”;combine“联合，结合”;contain“包含，容纳”。根据句意可知，这里指涉及两辆货车的事故。选项A符合语境。7. 单选题The bad and damp weather in the hot area would enable the plants to get （ ） quickly.
7、问题1选项A.decomposedB.denouncedC.detachedD.deduced【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。decompose“分解, 腐烂”;denounce“谴责, 告发”;detach“分离, 派遣”;deduce“推断, 演绎出”。句意:炎热地区的恶劣潮湿天气会使植物迅速分解腐烂。选项A符合句意。8. 单选题The discovery of new oil-fields in various parts of the country filled the government with （ ） hope.问题1选项A.eternalB.everlastingC.cea
8、selessD.infinite【答案】D【解析】形容词词义辨析。句意:全国各地新油田的发现使政府充满了无限的希望。eternal“永恒的, 不朽的”;everlasting“永恒的, 接连不断的”;ceaseless“不间断的;无休止的”;infinite “无限的;极大的”。选项D更符合语境。9. 单选题You have lived in many foreign countries so Id expect you to have some sort of （ ） people who have just arrived here.问题1选项A.love forB.concern for
9、C.sympathy forD.empathy for【答案】D【解析】名词词义辨析。句意:你在很多国家居住过，所以我想你应该和刚到这里的人会有一些共鸣。只有选项D符合语境。10. 单选题They advised their clients to （ ） with another company.问题1选项A.mergeB.engageC.emergeD.submerge【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。merge with合并，与.联合；engage with交战，与.接洽；emerge浮现，暴露；submerge淹没。句意：他们建议客户与另一家公司合作。选项A符合句意。11. 单选题Shou
10、ld doctors ever lie to benefit their patientsto speed recovery or to conceal the approach of death? In medicine as in law, government, and other lines of work, the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed by greater needs: the need to shelter from brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy.What
11、 should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical checkup who, though he feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer? If he asks, should the doctor deny that he is ill, or minimize the gravity of the illness? Doctors confront such choices often an
12、d urgently. At times, they see important reasons to lie for the patients own sake. In their eyes, such lies differ sharply from self-serving ones.Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill do not want to know the truth about their condition, and that informing them risks
13、 destroying their hope, so that they may recover more slowly, or deteriorate faster, perhaps even commit suicide. As one physician wrote: “Ours is a profession which traditionally has been guided by a precept that transcends the virtue of uttering the truth for truths sake, and that is, as far as po
14、ssible do no harm.” Armed with such a precept, a number of doctors may slip into deceptive practices that they assume will “do no harm” and may well help their patients.But the illusory nature of the benefits such deception is meant to produce is now coming to be documented. Studies show that, contrary to the belief of many physicians, an overwhelming majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about grave illness, and feel betrayed when they learn that they have been misled. We are also learning that truthful information, humanely conveyed, helps pati
