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1、编号：时间：2021年x月x日书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟页码：第1页 共1页南京工程学院教案【教学单元首页】第 1 -3 次课 授课学时 2 教案完成时间：2011.章、节 Introduction to International Trade主要内容1. Definitions of international trade，foreign trade, world trade, overseas trade 2 Reasons for international trade3. Differences between international trade and domestic tr
2、ade4.Basic concepts relating to international trade目的与要求Through the two classes, students are supposed: To know the definitions of international trade foreign trade, world trade, overseas trade. To make clear the reasons for international trade.To master basic concepts relating to international trad
3、e. To recite some important words and expressions in this unit. To master the relative terminology both in Chinese and in English.重点与难点1. Reasons for international trade 2. basic concepts relating to international trade. General trade system & special trade systemVolume/value of foreign trade & volu
4、me /value of international trade Quantum of foreign trade & quantum of international tradeCommodity composition of international tradeGeographic composition of international tradeDegree of dependence on foreign trade教学方法与手段Interactive teaching method (learning-reciting-utilizing)南京工程学院教案【末页】本单元知识点归纳
5、1. Definitions of international trade，foreign trade, world trade, overseas trade 2 Reasons for international trade3. Differences between international trade and domestic trade4.Basic concepts relating to international trade思考题或作业题Go through the main points we learned in this unit.Put in order the no
6、tes taken in class.Recite the words and phrases in this unit.Preview the next part. 本单元教学情况小结本单元讲述了国际贸易产生于发展的条件，国际贸易与国内贸易的区别，以及几个重要的概念，为以后的学习打下基础。其他掌握较好，有几个概念容易混淆，比如：总贸易体系和专门贸易体系中的统计标准问题；对外贸易额与国际贸易额是完全不同的概念；对外贸易量与国际贸易量；对外贸易商品结构和国际贸易商品结构、对外贸易地理结构和国际贸易地理结构也是完全不同的概念，学生容易混淆，应特别强调。本单元概念较多，学生应花多些时间学习。大家对本
7、单元的学习兴趣非常浓厚。审阅意见 审阅人：注：教案首页和末页中间为授课内容 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to International Trade1. Reasons for international trade1）several concepts:Trade: the exchange of commodities and servicesInternational (trade): among/between countries or across national boundaries(香港澳门为单独关税区，视为对外贸易)Foreign trade: 对外贸易，是以
8、某一国为出发点，涉及整个世界范围 Means the import and export of one country or district 可以说chinas foreign trade 但不说chinas international tradeOverseas trade:海外贸易，对于岛国或沿海国家island countries or countries along the coastline比如中国日本都可把自己的贸易叫做海外贸易World trade: the exchange of commodities/services by all the countries in the
9、 world 世界贸易 既包括国与国间的贸易，也包括国内的。故The amount of world trade the amount of international trade2）几方面原因：some fundamental reasons for international tradea 资源在世界各地分配不均通过贸易获取资源 Different distribution of world resources. To obtain resources through trading is necessary.(unevenly distributed)b. 气候和土壤（自然条件）影响着农
10、产品的种植生长，需要国需靠贸易获取a nation does not have a given item.Climate and terrain affect the cultivation of some agricultural products a nation can produce and trade internationally.c. 熟练工人和资本决定一国能生产什么产品来同他国贸易Skilled workers and capital resources determine what a nation is able to produce and trade with othe
11、r countries.developed countries: technology-intensive products. Developing countries:simple productsd. 经济利益，比较优势理论（比较成本理论），the law of comparative advantage 比较优势原理，economic benefit. The theory of comparative advantage, also called the comparative cost theory Q1. by whom was the law first formulated?Q
12、2.according to the law, what goods should a country specialize in producing for export?国际贸易理论的一个基本概念。它认为每个国家都有适合于生产某些产品的比较优势，如果各国都利用其比较优势专门生产成本优势较大，或成本劣势较小的产品，后通过国际贸易互相交换，就能使贸易参与国获得利益。Eg. Portugal would be expected wine to England. England might export cloth to Portugal. Zambia would be expected to
13、export copper ore, and the US to export wheat.(冯祥春) It was first formulated in the 19th century by david recardo and other economists ,building on work by adam smith. The law points out that trade between countries can be profitable for all, even if one of the countries can produce every commodity m
14、ore cheaply. As long as there are minor, relative differences in the efficiency of producing a commodity , even the poor country can have a comparative advantage in producing it .理论的核心是：两利取重，两害取轻（律师：法律事务，打字员：打字）david recardo ,19世纪中叶英国资产阶级古典政治经济学的杰出代表和完成者。主要著作政治经济学及赋税原理e. other reasons: to import pro
15、ducts to satisfy a large domestic demand; (a nation does not have enough of an item.) a nation can produce items with greater style or innovation than can other nations. Or difference in consumer tastes)preference for innovation or style ; political reasons另外，the role of governments, esp. in providing protection from imports or subsidies to local production or export .2 .Differences between international trade and domestic tradeProblems concerning international trade
