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1、大学英语四、六级考试信息匹配题阅读训练Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraph.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymar
2、kingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Passage1SurvivingtheRecessionA) Americasrecessionbeganquietlyattheendof2007.Sincethenithasevolvedintoaglobalcrisis.Reasonablepeoplemaydisagreeaboutwhomtoblame.FinancierswhowerenotascleverastheythoughttheywereRegulatorsfallingasleepatworkConsumerswhoborrowedto
3、omuchPoliticianswhothoughtlesslypromotedhome-ownershipforthosewhocouldnotafforditAllareguilt;andwhatamesstheyhavecreated.B) Since2007Americahasshed5millionjobs.Morethan15%oftheworkforcearejoblessorunderemployedroughly25millionworkers.Theonlyindustriesswellingtheirpayrollsarehealthcare,utilitiesandth
4、efederalgovernment.ThevalueoflistedsharesinAmericanfirmscollapsedby57%fromitspeakinOctober2007toalowinMarchthisyear,thoughithassinceboundedbacksomewhat.Industrialproductionfellby%intheyeartoMarch,theworstslidesincetheSecondWorldWar.MarkZandi,aneconomistatMoodys,predictsthattherecessionwillshrinkAmer
5、icaseconomyby%intotal.“Formostexecutives,thisistheworstbusinessenvironmenttheyveeverseen.C) Timesaresotoughthatevenbossesaretakingpaycuts.Median(中位数的)payforchiefexecutivesofS&P500companiesfell%in2008.TheoverthrownbusinessgiantsofWallStreettookthebiggestknock,withaveragepaycutsof38%andmedianbonusesof
6、zero.Buttherewassomepainforeveryone:medianpayforchiefexecutivesofnon-financialfirmsintheS&P500fellby%.D) Nearlyeverybusinesshasasadtaletotell.Forexample,ArneSorenson,thepresidentofMarriotthotel,likensthecrisistothedownturnthathithisbusinessafterSeptember11th,2001.Whenthetwintowersfell,Americansstopp
7、edtravelling.Marriotthaditsworstquarterever,withrevenuesperroomfallingby25%.Thisyear,withoutaterroristattack,thehotelindustryis“puttingthesamenumbersontheboard”,saysMr.Sorenson.E) Otherindustrieshavesufferedevenmore.Largenumbersofbuilders,propertyfirmsandretailershavegonebankrupt.AndadisasterhashitD
8、etroit.LastyeartheAmericancarindustryhadthecapacitytomake17millionvehicles.Salesin2009couldbebarelyhalfofthat.TheBigThreeAmericancarmakersGeneralMotors,FordandChrysleraccumulatedruinouscostsoverthepost-waryears,suchasgold-platedhealthplansandpensionsforworkerswhoretiredasyoungas48.Allthreearedespera
9、telyrestructuring.OnlyFordmaysurviveinitscurrentform.F) Hardtimesbreedhardfeeling.FewAmericansunderstandwhatcausedtherecession.Someareseekingscapegoats(替罪羊).Politiciansarehappytotakeadvantage.BosseshavebeensummonedtoWashingtontobescoldedonlivetelevision.Thepresidentcondemnstheirgreed.G) Businessfolk
10、sarebendingoverbackwardstoavoidseemingextravagant.Meetingsatresortsaresuddenlyunacceptable.GoldmanSachs,aninvestmentbank,cancelledaconferenceinLasVegasatthelastminuteandrebookeditinSanFrancisco,whichcostmorebutsoundedlessfun.H) Anyway,thepainwilleventuallyend.Americanbusinesswillregainitsshine.Manyf
11、irmswilldie,butthesurvivorswillemergeleanerandstrongerthanbefore.Thefinancialsectorsshareoftheeconomywillshrink,andstayshrunkforyearstocome.Theimportanceofnon-financialfirmswillaccordinglyrise,alongwiththeirabilitytoattractthebesttalent.Americawillremainthebestplaceonearthtodobusiness,solongasBarack
12、ObamaandtheDemocratsinCongressresistthetemptationtointerferetoomuch,andsolongasorganizedlaborsdoesnotoverplayitshand.I) Mr.Obamasplantocurbcarbondioxideemissions(NF放),thoughnecessary,willbefarfromcost-free,whateverhissunnyspeechesonthesubjectmightsuggest.Theshifttoalow-carboneconomywillhelpsomefirms
13、,hurtothersandrequireeveryorganizationthatusesmuchenergytorethinkhowitoperates.ItishardertopredicthowMr.Obamasproposedreformstothefailinghealth-caresystemwillturnout.IfhesucceedsincurbingcostsabigifitwouldbeahugegainforAmerica.Somebusinesswillbenefitbutthevastbulkofthesavingswillbecapturedbyworkers,
14、nottheiremployers.J) Inthenextcoupleofyearsthebusinessesthatthrivewillbethosethataretightwithcosts,carefulofdebt,cautiouswithcashflowandextremelyattentivetowhatcustomerswant.Theywillincludeplentyofnamesnoonehasyetheardof.K) Timeschange,andcorporationschangewiththem.In1955TimesManoftheYearwasHarlowCu
15、rtice,thebossofGM.HisfirmwasleadingtomenlikeCurtice,Americatowards“aneweconomicorder”,themagazinewrote.Thanks“thebondsofscarcityhadbeenbrokenandAmericawasrolling“toanall-timehighofprosperity.Soon,AmericanswouldneedtospendcomparativelylittletimeearningalivingL) HalfacenturylaterGMisatypicalexamplefor
16、poormanagement.InMarchitschiefexecutivewasfiredbyTimescurrentManoftheYear,Mr.Obama.Thegovernmentnowbacksupthedomesticcarindustry,lendingitmoneyandoverseeingitsturnaroundplans.Withluck,thiswillbeshort-lived.ButthereisadangerthatWashingtonwillendupmicromanagingnotonlyDetroitbutalsootherpartsoftheeconomy.AndcleverasMr.Obamasadvisersare,historysuggeststheywillbebadatthis.1. TheAmericasrecessionaffect
