《2022年考博英语-北京师范大学考前模拟强化练习题34（附答案详解）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-北京师范大学考前模拟强化练习题34（附答案详解）（54页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、2022年考博英语-北京师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 问答题There is extraordinary exposure in the United States to the risk of injury and death from motor vehicle accidents. More than 80 percent of all households own passenger cars or light trucks and each of these is driven an average of more than 11,000 miles each yea
2、r. Almost one-half of fatally injured drivers have a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.1 percent or higher. For the average adult, over five ounces of 80 proof spirits would have to be consumed over a short period of time to attain these levels. A third of drivers who have been drinking, but fe
3、wer than 4 percent of all drivers, demonstrate these levels. Although less than 1 percent of drivers with BACs of 0.1 percent or more are involved in fatal crashes, the probability of their involvement is 27 times higher than for those without alcohol in their blood.There are a number of different a
4、pproaches to reducing injuries in which intoxication plays a role. Based on the observation that excessive consumption correlates with the total alcohol consumption of a countrys population, it has been suggested that higher taxes on alcohol would reduce both. While the heaviest drinkers would be ta
5、xed the most, anyone who drinks at all would be penalized by this approach. To make drinking and driving a criminal offense is an approach directed only at intoxicated drivers. In some states, the law empowers police to request breath test of drivers cited for any traffic offense and elevated BAC ca
6、n be the basis for every arrest. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimates, however, that even with increased arrests, there are about 700 violations for every arrest. At this level there is little evidence that laws serve as deterrents to drinking while intoxicated. In Britain, m
7、otor vehicle fatalities fell 25 percent immediately following implementation of the Road Safety Act in 1967. As Britishers increasingly recognized that they could drink and not to be stopped, the effectiveness declined, although in the following three years the fatality rate seldom reached that obse
8、rved in the seven years prior to the Act. 【答案】In the United States, people take a very high risk of motor vehicle accident casualties. Almost one-half deadly accidents caused by excessive drinking. And one third of drivers who have been drinking, but fewer than 4 percent of all drivers, reached 0.1%
9、 or higher. Although only few of them involved in fatal crashes, the probability of their involvement is 27 times higher than for those without alcohol in their blood.There are many different ways to reduce the injuries of intoxication. Someone suggests raising taxes on alcohol. The heaviest drinker
10、s would be taxed the most, anyone who drinks at all would be penalized. To make drinking and driving a criminal offense is an approach directed only at intoxicated drivers. However, the law hardly threaten drinking while intoxicated. In some states, the law empowers police to request breath test of
11、drivers cited for any traffic offense and elevated BAC can be the basis for every arrest. Even so, with increased arrests, there are still about 700 violations for every arrest. 2. 翻译题“失落之城”马丘比丘坐落在秘鲁热带山地森林，直到1911年才被美国探险家海勒姆宾厄姆发现。马丘比丘海拔2430米，为热带森林所包围。它可能是印加帝国全盛时期最辉煌的城市建筑，那巨大的城墙和梯田好像是在连绵的悬崖绝壁上自然形成的一样。
12、古城矗立在安第斯山脉东边的斜坡上，环绕着亚马孙河上游的盆地。马丘比丘废墟是世界上最美最神秘的古代遗址之一。早在15世纪初期，印加人就在那里建起数百座石建筑，传说和神话表明马丘比丘曾是一个圣地。古城废墟有宫殿、洗浴室、寺庙、贮藏室和大约150间房子，皆保存完好。这些建筑均用山顶的灰色花岗岩雕筑而成，是建筑学和美学的奇迹。【答案】Machu Picchu, a lost city located in Perus tropical mountain forests, wasnt discovered by American explorer Hiram Bingham until 1911. It
13、 stands 2,430m above sea-level, and surrounded by tropical forests. It was probably the most glorious urban building in the zenith of Inca Empire; its giant walls and terraces seem like been cut naturally in the continuous rock cliffs. The ancient city, on the eastern slopes of the Andes, surrounds
14、the basin in upper Amazon River.The ruins of Machu Picchu are one of the most beautiful and mysterious ancient sites in the world. While the Inca people erected hundreds of stone structures there from the early 1400s, legends and myths indicate that Machu Picchu was a sacred place. The ruins have pa
15、laces, baths, temples, storage rooms and some 150 houses, all in a remarkable state of preservation. These structures, carved from the gray granite of the mountaintop, are wonders of both architectural and aesthetic genius.3. 案例题This week some top scientists, including Nobel Prize winners, gave thei
16、r vision of how the world will look in 2056, from gas-powered cars to extraordinary health advances, John Ingham reports on what the worlds finest minds believe our futures will be.For those of us lucky enough to live that long, 2056 will be a world of almost perpetual youth, where obesity is a remote memory and robots become our companions.We will be rubbing shoulders with aliens and colonizing outer space. Better still,
