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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Hydraulic System液压与气压系统【中英文对照】Hydraulic SystemThere are only three basic methods of transmitting power：Electrical，mechanicaland fluid powerMost applications actually use a combination of the three methods to obtain the most efficient overall systemTo properly determine which principle m
2、ethod to use。it is important to know the salient features of each typeFor example，fluid systems call transmit power more economically Over greater distances than Can mechanical typesHowever。fluid systems arerestricted to shorter distances than are electrical systemsHydraulic power transmission syste
3、m ale concerned with the generation, modulation, and control of pressure and flow and ,and in general such systems include: 1Pumps which convert available power from the prime mover to hydraulic power at the actuator2Valves which control the direction of pump-flow，the level of power produced，and the
4、 amount of fluid一一flow to the actuatorsThe power level is determined by controlling both the flow and pressure level3Actuators which convert hydraulic power to usable mechanical power Output at the point required4The medium，which is a liquid，provides rigid transmission and control as well as 1ubrica
5、tion of component s，sealing in valvesand cooling of the system5Connectors which link the various system components，provide power conductors for the fluid under pressure，and fluid flow return to tank(reservoir) 6、Fluid storage and conditioning equipment which ensure sufficient quality and quantity as
6、 well as cooling of the fluid7、pneumatics systems required a lubricator to inject。a very fine mist of oil into the air discharging from the pressure regulatorThis prevents wear of the closely fitting moving parts of pneumaticHydraulic systems ale used in industrial applications such as stamping pres
7、ses，steel mills，and general manufacturing，agricultural machines，mining industry，aviation，space technology，deepsea exploration, transportation，marine technology，and offshore gas and petroleum explorationIn short，very few people get through a day of their 1ives without somehow benefiting from the tech
8、nology of hydraulics2The principle of electrical-discharge machining also called electro is or spark-erosion machining, is based on the erosion of metals by spark discharges. We know that when two current-conduct in wires are allowed to touch each other, an arc is produced. If we look closely at the
9、 point of contact between the two wires, we note that a small portion of the metal has been eroded away, leaving a small crater.The basic EDM system consists of a shape tool and the workpiece, connected to a dc power supply and placed in a dielectric fluid this is one of the most widely used machini
10、ng processes, particularly for die-sinking operations when the potential difference between the tool and the work piece is sufficiently high, a transient spark discharges through the fluid, removing a very small amount of metal from the workpiece surface. The capacitor discharge is repeated at rates
11、 of between 50,with voltages usually ranging between 50vand 380v and currents from 0.1A to 500A.Mechanical control includes cams and governors. Although they have been used for the control of very complex machines, to be cost effectively, today they are used for simple and fixed-cycle task control.
12、Some automated machines, such as screw machines, still use cam-based control. Mechanical control is difficult to manufacture and is subject to wear.Pneumatic control is still very popular for certain applications. It uses compressed air, valves, and switchs to construct simple control logic, but is
13、easily slow. Because standard compaonents are used to construct the logic, it is easier to build than a mechanical control . Pneumatic control parts are subject to wear.As does a mechanical control, an electromechanical control uses switches, relays, times counters, and so on, to construct logic, it
14、 is faster and more flexible. The controllers using electromechanical control are called relay devices.The values in the express the relative tool distance from the home position. This distance is shown in the relative or incremental coordinates, U and W. when reading the values in the not possible
15、to know directly how far the tool is from the part origin. Just how far it is from the home position. mounted on exhaust ports of air valves and actuators to reduce noise and prevent operating personnel from possible injury resulting not only from exposure to noise but also from highspeed airborne p
16、articles.The sign of the coordinates is zero or negative because the tool cannot move farther than the machine origin . thus at present , the values are zero so the tool is at the home position. The values in the are normally used when setting up the tools in order to find the real tool distances from the part origin.The values in the absolute position express the absolute tool distance from the part origin. This dista
