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1、Unit 4 Earthquakes1.shake vi. & vt.(1)My hands shook during the exam.vi. 摇动，摇撼，颤抖(2)The earthquake shook the lights.vt.使摇动(3)vt.使受震撼，使（信念等）动摇 be shaken by/with/at辨析：易混词辨析例句tremble指人因感情激动、寒冷、惧怕等引起的身体颤动。The boy trembled with fear.shake作“颤抖”讲时与tremble同义。它还有“握手，摇头或捧腹大笑”的意思。The earthquake shook the light
2、s.2.right away“立刻，马上”的表达方式：right away, without delay, right now, straight away, at once, in no time, immediately3.well- You dont look very _. Are you ill?- No, Im just a bit tired.A. good B. well C. strong D. healthy(1)adj.健康的(2)n.井，水井；油井；气井(3)adv.熟练地，有效地，令人满意地；很，非常 very/rather/fairly/quite/pretty w
3、ell4.tooto具有否定意义，常用notenough to和sothat句型结构改写。I am too old to understand the cartoon.=I am not young enough to understand the cartoon.=I am so old that I cant understand the cartoon.(1)e.g. Im only too delighted to be here.当too前有副词far, much, but, only等词修饰时，此结构没有否定意义，而表示肯定，意为“非常，十分”，too后的形容词多是表示某种心情的，
4、如happy, pleased, willing, thankful, anxious, eager, delighted等。(2)e.g. Its never too late to learn.当too前有否定词时，此结构表示肯定。(3)too+ adj. +for sb./sth. 表示“太，不适合”5.burstburst forth突然出现 burst into突然闯入 burst out冒出 burst upon突然展现 burst open突然开了6.event事件，大事；项目，赛事all the events/in any event无论如何 in the event结果，到头
5、来 after the event事后in the event that/of倘若，万一 in that event/in that case如果那样的话 辨析：易混词辨析例句accident意外事故。car accidentincident附带的小事件，事端；政变。July 7th incidentevent重大的事件。What were the chief events of last year?7.directly(1)adv.径直地；坦率地；直接地；立刻e.g. The bus goes directly to HK.(2)conj.一就引导时间状语从句Directly he went
6、 out he was caught.8.ruinin ruins 严重受损 fall into ruins成为废墟ruindestroydamage9.extreme(1)adj.极度的，严重的；极端的，偏激的；过分的extreme weather conditions极端恶劣的天气状况 extreme sports极限运动(2)n.C极端不同的感情（情况或行为方式）；完全相反的事物U极端，极度，极限extremes of cold, wind or rain严寒、狂风、骤雨 take sth. to extremes采取极端行为10.injure受伤，伤害辨析：易混词辨析例句hurt普通用
7、语，既可指肉体，也可指精神、感情I dont want to hurt you.injure健康、成就、容貌，强调功能的丧失A bullet injured his left leg.wound枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，尤指战场上所受的伤The soldier was wounded badly.harm伤害有生命的东西，常指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等Smoking seriously harmed his health.11.cover(1)盖，覆盖，掩盖e.g. I covered the novel with my English book. The novel was covered
8、 with my English book.cover sth. with sth.用某物盖某物（表动作） be covered with被盖着（表状态）(2)占有（多少面积）；包含，包括Our orchards cover an area of 1000 mu.(3)报道CCTV covered the whole game.(4)走完（一段路程）The Red Army covered 25,000 li during the Long March.(5)掩护12.trap vt. & n.be trapped in困在中，陷在中 trap sb. into doing sth.陷害（诱骗
9、）某人做某事13.wonder(1)对（某事）感到惊讶，不能相信wonder +about/at/to do/that-clausee.g. Sometimes I wonder about their behavior.(2)对（某事）感到疑惑；想要知道wonder +if/whether/wh- + to do/wh- 从句(3)惊叹，惊奇，诧异I am filled with wonder.(4)奇观，奇才The Great Wall of China is one of the wonders in the world.14.dig dig out挖出，翻找出 dig up翻挖；找出，
10、查明 dig into深入钻研；挖掘dig at钻研；挖苦（嘲笑） dig through挖通15.burye.g. I bury myself in puzzling games.bury oneself in= be buried in埋头于，专心于16.shelter(1)庇护所，避难所；遮蔽物(2)庇护，遮蔽，掩蔽e.g. Their immediate need is for food, clothing and shelter.(3)提供庇护（所）e.g. The wooden house sheltered us from the wind.take shelter from躲避
11、 run for shelter找躲避处 shelter sb./sth. from庇护某人、某物以免 under the shelter of在庇护下，受的保护17.breathe 呼吸；低声说e.g. “Im here,” she breathed.18.while conj.(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当时候”“在期间”(2)引导时间状语从句，意为“与同时”e.g. You may go singing while I am doing my homework.(3)引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”“尽管”_ the Internet is of great help, I dont t
12、hink its a good idea to spend too much time on it.A. If B. While C. Because D. As(4)用作并列连词，表示前后两个分居之间的对比，意为“然而”辨析：易混词辨析例句while作“当时候”讲时，只能与延续性动词连用。While he was reading, he fell asleep.when作“当时候”讲时，既可与延续性动词连用也可与瞬间动词连用。When mom came in, I was reading the novel.When I was sleeping, a thief broke in.as强调
13、主从据谓语动词表示的动作同时进行，意为“一边一边”。它还有“随着”的意思。I looked behind from time to time as I walked.As time went by, I became more and more nervous.19.title(1)n.C标题，题目(2)n.C职位名称；职称(3)vt.加标题，订题目 e.g. My book was titled “Windys fantasy world”.20.givegive out发布；用光；精疲力竭；发出；散发 give away送掉；捐赠；表露give in让步；屈服，投降；交上 give bac
14、k返还，归还；恢复 give off发出（气味、光、热、声等） give up放弃；戒掉；交出，让出21.congratulation(1)congratulation作“贺词”讲或单独使用时常用复数形式(2)表示因某事向某人祝贺时常用（offer ones）congratulations to sb. on sth.(3)congratulation用于成功、结婚、毕业等个人性的祝贺，不用于节日致词，还可用作抽象意义但不用复数形式。I received many letters of congratulation.congratulate sb. on sth. congratulate oneself on/that暗自庆幸辨析：易混词辨析例句congratulate意为“祝贺”，为个人间行为，常用于congratulate sb. on sth.中其名词形式为congratulation,常用复数形式。We congratulated him on his passing the exam.celebrate意为“庆祝”，后面常接生日、胜利、纪念日之类的名词，通常以多人参加的某种形式进行。其名词形式是celebration，意为“庆祝，庆祝会”，可数名词。Thousands of people atte
