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1、2022年考博英语-扬州大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题Every country and culture, whether its as ancient as India or as young as the Czech Republic, has a history that will greatly affect both the market and the marketer. A market that has been heavily exploited in the past by foreigners will turn a predictably skep
2、tical eye toward any overseas company seeking new sales territory. It may even refuse products that could greatly benefit the society. Understanding that history will enable a marketer to approach the culture in a more subtle manner, and it will certainly cause an adjustment of schedule. On the othe
3、r end, a culture that has been marked by independence for some time will have few fears of foreign operations and may find the subtle approach far too lackluster and slow.Marketers may bring their own business to the process and should take care to separate themselves, at least emotionally, from the
4、ir personal and cultural history. Oftentimes, this includes racial prejudices that are difficult to shake, earlier political disagreements that have never been fully settled, of old unhealed war wounds. Lets look at the race issue first. Companies with Caucasian marketing personnel returning to post
5、-apartheid South Africa are generally plagued with a feeling that they owe something to the new black majority government. Its a completely self-generated debt as the government is, in reality, overjoyed that investment has returned after the long embargo. However, this joy doesnt prevent South Afri
6、ca companies from taking advantage of counterparts guilt feelings when its time to cut a deal. On the political front, the relationship, between Vietnam and the United States is a prime example of two sets of marketers misinterpreting each others history and culture when it came time to do business.
7、 Following in the wake of the bloody two-decade war that ended in 1975, the United States and Vietnam finally reopened trade in 1994. The Vietnamese assumed that American business community would heap investment on them to make up for past wrong, while the American thought they would be welcomed as
8、the saviors of Vietnams floundering economy. Most of Americas marketers sent to Vietnam were small children during the war, and the conflict had little bearing on their lives .Vietnams decision makers on the other hand were primarily veterans of the conflict and saw it as the key element of the rela
9、tionship. Neither side paid attention to the others view of history nor the results have been decidedly disappointing for almost everyone.1.The passage mainly discusses that（ ）.2.It is advisable for a marketer to（ ）.3.According to the passage, which of the following is true?4.The Caucasian example i
10、ndicates that（ ）.5.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?问题1选项A.cultural differences force companies to adjust scheduleB.marketing success and failure are much like historyC.developing countries are hostile to developed countriesD.the history of a country or culture influences
11、 the market问题2选项A.understand the history of a country or cultureB.exploit the market with great effortC.keep a skeptical eye on overseas companiesD.slow down foreign operations问题3选项A.Marketeers should be responsible for the burdens of the past.B.Marketeers should separate themselves from their perso
12、nal and cultural history.C.Marketeers should disagree on racial prejudices.D.Marketeers should take care of the wounded in the war.问题4选项A.South Africans are plagued with a guilty feelingB.South Africans are overloved with the overseas investmentC.South Africans owe debts to Caucasian companyD.South
13、African companies take advantage of their counterparts guilty feelings问题5选项A.The failure of the reopened trade between American and Vietnam should be taken as a lesson.B.The Vietnamese take it for granted that the American business community will invest money in Vietnam to make up for past wrongs.C.
14、The relationship between Vietnam and the US is a good example of forgetting the past.D.Misinterpreting history and culture leads to business failure.【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。本文开头“Every country and culture, whether its as ancient as India or as young as the Czech Republic, has a histo
15、ry that will greatly affect both the market and the marketer. 每个国家和文化，无论是像印度一样古老还是像捷克共和国一样年轻，都有一段对市场和营销人员都有巨大影响的历史。并且文中列举了两个例子来论证一个国家的文化或历史会影响市场。故D项正确。2.细节事实题。由第一段“Understanding that history will enable a marketer to approach the culture in a more subtle manner, and it will certainly cause an adjust
16、ment of schedule. 了解历史可以使营销人员以一种更微妙的方式接近文化，这肯定会导致对日程表的调整。”可知商人了解一个国家的文化或历史很重要。故A项正确。3.推理判断题。由第二段“Marketers may bring their own business to the process and should take care to separate themselves, at least emotionally, from their personal and cultural history. 营销人员可能会把他们自己的业务带入到这个过程中，他们应该注意把自己与他们的个人和文化历史分开，至少在情感上是这样。”可知B项“市场营销
