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1、2022年考博英语-西北大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题When she began the job, Lisa showed （ ）and was promoted to a manager after a year.问题1选项A.nitiativeB.ambitionC.attributeD.peculiarity【答案】B【解析】initiative 主动权，首创精神；ambition抱负，雄心；attribute属性，特质；peculiarity怪癖，特征。句意：当丽莎开始这份工作时就展现了她的抱负，一年后被提升为经理。选项B符合句意。2. 单选题1.Scientist
2、s have developed a slimming drug that successfully suppresses appetite and results in a dramatic loss of weight without any apparent ill effects.2.In rural America, the year was arranged around the growing season. Now, only 3 percent of families follow the agricultural model, but nearly all schools
3、are scheduled as is our children went home early to milk the cows and took months off to work the crops.3.Humor has been well defined as: “Thinking in fun while feeling in earnest”.4.法律真正的意义，是要把一个自由而有理性的人导向正当的意义上去，而不是对此加以限制的。5.然而，研究人员在报告中提醒说，相对于患更严重的疾病的危险来说，这些益处简直微不足道。问题1选项A.科学家们已经研制出了一种减肥药，它能有效地抑制食
4、欲，导致体重显著下降而无任何明显的不良反应。B.科学家们已经开发出了一种减肥药，它能成功地控制食欲，使体重显著下降，同时有明显的不良反应。C.科学家们已经研制出了一种减食疗法的药，它能有效地抑制食欲，导致体重显著 下降而无任何明显的不良反应。问题2选项A.在美国农村，时间是根据生长季节来安排的。现在虽然只有3%的家庭从事农业，但几乎所有的学校的校历安排似乎是我们的孩子们早早回家只是去挤牛奶或是几个月不上学去地里种庄稼。B.在美国农村，一年是根据农时来安排的。现在虽然只有3%的家庭从事农业，但几乎所有的学校的时间安排似乎是我们的孩子们早早回家去挤牛奶或是花上几个月时间去地里种庄稼。C.在美国农村
5、，上学时间是根据农时来决定的。现在虽然只有3%的家庭从事农业，但几乎所有的学校的校历安排似乎是让孩子们早早回家去挤牛奶或是花上几个月时间去地里种庄稼。问题3选项A.幽默被人很好地解释为：“带着认真的情绪滑稽地思考”。B.幽默被人很恰当地解释为：“认真地感觉,不认真地思考”。C.幽默被人很巧妙地诠释为：“一面认真地感觉一面滑稽地思考”。问题4选项A.The real meaning of law is not the limitation as the direction of a free and intelligent man to his proper interestB.The true
6、 notion of law is not so much limited to the direction of a free and intelligent man to his proper interestC.Law, in its true motion, is not so much the limitation as the direction of a free and intelligent man to his proper interest问题5选项A.Researchers in the study, however, cautioned that such benef
7、its dont outweigh the risk of more serious ailmentsB.However, researchers reminded in the report that such benefits are nothing compared with the risk of more serious ailmentsC.However, researchers cautioned in their report that such benefits dont indolence a lot comparing to the risk of more seriou
8、s ailments【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:A第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.首先，“slimming drug”应翻译为减肥药，没有提及减食疗法，所以首先排除选项C；根据“without any apparent ill effects.”可知，应该是没有明显的不良反应，所以选项B错误。选项A翻译最为准确。2.根据句意可知“growing season”不是直译为生长季节，而是指“农时”，所以首先排除选项A；这里的the year指的是“上学时间”，所以选项C最为恰当。3.本题的关键在于对引语的翻译，相比较之下，选项A翻译最为准确。4.本句强调的是“意义”，而不是“法律”，所以首
9、先排除选项C；“真正的”这里用true比较好，real常用来指比较抽象的事物，所以选项B更准确。5.“提醒”在本句中用remind比较口语化，caution更为正式，因为是在报告中进行提醒，因此caution更为恰当；后面包含一个比较，用outweigh言简意赅，最为恰当。所以选项A翻译最精确。3. 单选题Opportunities for rewarding work become fewer for both men and women as they grew older. After age 40, job hunting becomes even more difficult. Ma
10、ny workers stay at jobs they are too old for rather than face possible rejection. Our youth-oriented, threw-away culture sees little value in older people. In writer Lillian Hellmans words, they have the wisdom that comes with age that we cant make use of.”Unemployment and economic need for work is
11、higher among older women, especially minorities, than among younger white women. A national council reports these findings. Though unemployed longer when seeking work, older women job-hunt harder, hold a job longer with less absenteeism, perform as well or better, are more reliable, and are more wil
12、ling go learn than men or younger women. Yet many older women earn poor pay and face a future of poverty in their retirement years. When sexism meets ageism, poverty is no longer on the doorstep-it moves in, according to Tish Sommers, director of a special study on older women for the National Organ
13、ization for Women. Yet a 1981 report on the White House Conference on Aging shows that as a group, older Americans are the wealthiest, best fed, best housed, healthiest, most self-reliant older population in our history. This statement is small comfort to those living below the poverty line, but it
14、does explode some of the old traditional beliefs and fears.Opportunities for moving in and up in a large company may shrink but many older people begin successful small businesses, volunteer in satisfying activities, and stay active for many years. They have few role models because in previous gener
15、ations the life span was much shorter and expectations of life were fewer. They are ploughing new ground.Employers are beginning to recognize that the mature person can bring a great of stability and responsibility to a position. One doesnt lose ability and experience on the eve of ones 65th or 70th birthday any more than one grows up instantly at age 21.1.After the age of 40,（ ）.2.From Hellmans remark, we can see that （ ）.3.Tish Sommers argues that（ ）.4.According to the third paragraph, it can be seen that older Americans（ ）.5.It can be concluded from the pass
