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1、牛瘟 Rinderpest (Cattle Plague)Prepared by: Dr. Terry Hunt病因/发病机理Cause & Pathogenesis副粘病毒种类多，抗原一样Paramyxovirus 一 manv strains but antigenically identical国际曾医组织列为A类传染病 OIE Reportable Disease List A高发病率(to 100%)高死亡率(to 100%)High morbiditv (to 100%) and high mortality (to 100%)亚洲、非洲、串东地区流行Disease is ende
2、mic in some Asian, African and Middle Eastern countries牛和猪的高度接触、致死性疾病Highly contagious, fatal disease of ruminants and swine伴有蒿热、口腔炎、肠炎Disease is characterized bv high fever, stomatitis and enteritis感染动物排泄物中含有病塞Virus shed in all secretions from clinically infected animalsRisk FactorsRisk FactorsRisk
3、 Factors危险因素从流行地区引进动物Introduction of animals from endemic countries临床症状Clinical Findings 69天潜伏期Incubation period of 6-9 days发热、精神萎靡、食欲下虚Fever, depression and anorexia侵然口腔、鼻孔、阴唇、阴道Oral erosions plus erosions of nares, vulva and vagina严重腹泻、有时里急后重Severe diarrhea, sometimes dysentery and tenesmus眼有脓性排泄物
4、、面部痉挛,Purulent discharge from eves and severe blepharospasm会阴、大腿内侧、腹侧皮缺有带痂的湿疹Skin of perineum, inner thighs and flanks becomes moist with scabs 严重脱水和消瘦Severe dehydration & emaciation斜卧，6.12天内死亡Recumbency and death in 6 -12 days诊断诊断诊断Diagnosis依据临床症状和地理特点Based on clinical signs and geographic location
5、通过实验室诊断鉴别诊断 口蹄疫病毒性腹泻病毒/风牛病牛恶性卡他性粘膜炎蓝舌病一绵羊山羊Differential Diagnosis FMD BVD/MDBovine Malignant Catarrh Bluetongue - sheep & goatsConfirmed by laboratory proceduresPeste Des Petits Ruminants 一 sheep & goats头验室和病理学诊断Laboratory and Pathology AGID技术和PCR探针等技术测定病毒抗原治疗Confirm clinical diagnosis by detection
6、of virus antigen by AGID technique or PCR probesTreatment支持疗法None other then supportive预防预防预防Prevention & Control无疫病国家Rinderpest-free countries防止从高发区进口动物Prevent importation of animals (including zoo animals) from high-risk countries建立疫苗接种动物隔离带Barrier zone of vaccinated animals at high-risk land bord
7、ers若爆发一屠宰，焚烧,同时接种动物If outbreak occurs - slaughter and burn and vaccinate if unable to contain生物安全和围堵政策Bio-securitv and containment measures地方流行性国家Enzootic countries全部接种易感动物，90%免疫状态Vaccinate all susceptible animals annually until 90% immune status achieved下一年度接种全部犊牛Vaccinate all calves then repeat th
8、e following year疫苗Vaccines疫苗有时会有不利影响，特别是英国牛和青年牛Vaccines can cause severe adverse reactions especially in British breeds and young animals新乳免疫持续4-8月Colostral immunity lasts for 4-8 months疫苗有时会出现免疫抑制现象Vaccines are immuo-suppressive疫苗均为灭活苗All vaccines are now attenuated: goat adapted, rabbit adapted or chicken embryo adapted加长&苗免疫期Long lasting immunity to vaccines
