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1、乳牛蹄跛行的原因Causes of Lameness in Dairy CattlePrepared by: Dr. Terry HuntTranslated by Dr.傅小平博士 专用蹄块支撑感染蹄 Hoof block to rest affected claw亚临床蹄底脓肿 起因不相关物体蹄叶炎蹄裂 症状跛行蹄叶炎Laminitis诱因Risk Factors遗传品质Hereditary Predisposition 饲喂过度/瘤胃酸中毒 Over Feeding/Rumen Acidosis脓性条件Septic Conditions (Mastitis/Metritis)过肥Obes
2、ity外伤/硬物Trauma /Hard Surfaces临床症状Clinical Signs跛行Lameness (more in hind limbs) 过度生长(拖鞋蹄)Overgrown feet (Slipper Feet)蹄壁轮Rings in Hoof Wall预防Prevention修蹄Trim Feet避免日粮突变Avoid sudden changes in ration TMR饲料TMR Feeding蹄底溃疡Sole Ulcer诱因Risk Factors过度生长Overgrown hooves螺旋蹄Corkscrew claw水泥地Concrete营养Nutritio
3、n潮湿Wet conditions症状Signs后蹄跟与蹄底连接处多见Lateral hind claw most common at junction of sole and heel站立、小步行走Stand and walk base wide双侧面Often bilateral粒状节结Granulation knob治疗Treatment清除Debride 专用蹄块支撑感染蹄 Hoof block to rest affected claw亚临床蹄底脓肿 起因不相关物体蹄叶炎蹄裂 症状跛行亚临床蹄底脓肿 起因不相关物体蹄叶炎蹄裂 症状跛行亚临床蹄底脓肿 起因不相关物体蹄叶炎蹄裂 症状跛行
4、Sub Solar Abscess冠状带处有排泄物使用蹄检器定位治疗清洁蹄表好蹄垫木块CausesForeign bodyLaminitis (White Line separation)Hoof cracksSignsThree legged lameDrainage at Coronary BandUse hoof testers to localizeTreatmentAdequate Drainage 一 pare out & trim Wood block good claw蹄裂诱因 _蹄干燥 前蹄高于后蹄 Dry hooves - front more then rear症状跛行冠
5、状带处发生治疗Vertical Claw CracksRisk FactorsSignsMay be lameVertical crack in hoof at coronary bandTreatmentTrim toeIf lame, widen crack for drainage Wood block on sound claw修趾 若跛行，阔开引流好蹄垫木块Varnish or oil hooves腐蹄病起因感染坏死性梭留症状跛行，肿胀 Varnish or oil hooves腐蹄病起因感染坏死性梭留症状跛行，肿胀腐蹄病起因感染坏死性梭留症状跛行，肿胀腐蹄病起因感染坏死性梭留症状跛
6、行，肿胀Foot RotCauseInfectious - Fusobacteriuni necrophorumSignsLameness, swelling between toes, discharge 局部或体温升高，异味 May have elevated temperature, odor治疗抗生素青霉素，预防蹄浴每周10%硫酸铜Treatment头JS嚷吠 Antibiotics - penicillin, CeftiofurPreventionFoot baths10% copper sulfate weekly10% zinc sulfate weekly每周10%硫酸锌鸡 眼
7、Corns - Interdigital Fibroma危险因素 Risk Factors 蹄又、慢性刺激、环境肮脏 Splayed toes, chronic irritation, dirty conditionsClinical SignsProliferative growth of skin between toes Hind feetfront feetTreatmentSurgical removal临床症状皮肤增殖后蹄多于前蹄治疗外科切除Suture, bandage and wire toes togetherTend to re occurCullPrevention环境干
8、净 Routine foot trimming, clean environmentSuture, bandage and wire toes togetherTend to re occurCullPrevention环境干净 Routine foot trimming, clean environmentSuture, bandage and wire toes togetherTend to re occurCullPrevention环境干净 Routine foot trimming, clean environmentoo淘汰预防日常蹄的维护，蹄疣状物病因/发病机理螺旋体属、细菌临
9、床症状跛行、疼痛皮肤增殖Hairy Foot Warts - Mortellaro s DiseaseCause & PathogenesisTreponema sp. BacteriaClinical SignsLame, painful and walk on toesLesion at skin horn junction - proliferative触痛、流血治疗喷洒、包扎 蹄浴防治触然性触痛、流血治疗喷洒、包扎 蹄浴防治触然性触痛、流血治疗喷洒、包扎 蹄浴防治触然性 Between toes and over heelVery painful to the touch and bl
10、eeds easilyTreatmentFoot sprays and wrapsFoot bathsControl螺旋状蹄危险因素有遗传性临床症状后蹄外侧多见螺旋状蹄危险因素有遗传性临床症状后蹄外侧多见螺旋状蹄危险因素有遗传性临床症状后蹄外侧多见Corkscrew ClawContagiousRisk FactorsInheritableClinical SignsLateral hind claw most common蹄底远轴角质的生长诱发其它蹄病治疗重复修蹄Repeated trimming蹄底远轴角质的生长诱发其它蹄病治疗重复修蹄Repeated trimmingTreatmentG
11、rowth of abaxial horn underneath sole Predisposes to other hoof problems 有遗传性，nJ 以考虑淘汰 Inheritable so consider culling脓毒性蹄骨关节炎 起因并发症临床症状跛行、疼痛肿胀等不愿移动一了愿躺卜治疗切除oo脓毒性蹄骨关节炎 起因并发症临床症状跛行、疼痛肿胀等不愿移动一了愿躺卜治疗切除ooSeptic Pedal ArthritisCausesExtension from other problemsClinical SignsVery lame and very painfulExt
12、reme swelling, drainageUnwilling to bear weight - lay around深度引流o深度引流o深度引流oTreatmentAmputate digitDistal end of PIUse gigli wire and local IV anestheticTight bandage for one week and changeDeep drainage procedureVery involved其它因素其它疾病的影响若多蹄发生，应检查其它症状Consider if more then one foot involved and look for other signs 可能病例 口蹄疫牛病毒性腹泻坏疽Other ConsiderationsMany other diseases can affect the hoof.Some examples would be Foot and Mouth Disease Bovine Viral Diarrhea Fescue foot gangrene Frost bite冻伤
