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1、2022年考博英语-中国政法大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题You _ all these parcels yourself. The shop would have delivered them if you had asked a shop assistant.问题1选项A.didnt need to carryB.neednt have carriedC.neednt carryD.didnt need carry【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词。后面的句子用了if虚拟语气，由此可知前面句子是事实，那么前面的句子意思应该是“你本不需要亲自拿包裹”，表示本不必做但事实上已经做
2、了，neednt have done（本不必做）正符合句意。句意：你本不必亲自拿这些包裹的。如果你叫售货员，商店就会替你邮寄他们的。故正确答案为B。2. 单选题_ people depend to such a great extent on forests, every effort must be made to preserve trees and wildlife.问题1选项A.HowB.SinceC.ThatD.Which【答案】B【解析】考查句子逻辑。A项how引导疑问句，表示“怎样”，B项since表示“自从，由于”，C项that连接词，用来引导从句，D项which疑问代词表示“
3、哪一个”。该句前后为两个完整的句子，形成因果关系，句首缺少一个表达原因的连词，故B项符合句意。句意：由于人们在很大程度上紧紧依赖森林资源，故我们必须全力以赴保护树木与野生动物。故正确答案为B。3. 单选题He _ you unless you had spoken slowly.问题1选项A.didnt understandB.wouldnt understandC.wouldnt have understoodD.hadnt understood【答案】C【解析】考查条件句。连词unless意为“除非如果不，除了”，一般用来引导一个否定意义的真实条件句，有时也可引导非真实条件句，相当于if
4、not。从句表示对过去事实的否定，主句应该用would have done；A项和D项缺少情态动词would,故不选；B项缺少have。句意：他不理解，除非你说慢点。根据句意和语法，正确答案为C。4. 单选题Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes _ they both emit hot liquids form below the Earths surface.问题1选项A.due toB.becameC.in spite ofD.regardless of【答案】A【解析】考查句子逻辑。从句子的意思可以知道，前后成分是结果与原因的关系，所
5、以我们需要选择一个表示原因的连接词，A项due to“由于”，后面接表示原因的名词性成分；B项become“变成”，不符合逻辑；C项in spite of“尽管”表示让步；D项regardless of“不管”表示条件；这里题干其实省略了一个that。句意：间歇泉经常被比作火山，因为它们都释放出地表下的热液体。因此，该题正确答案为A。5. 翻译题An individual human existence should be like a riversmall at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionat
6、ely past rocks and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man, who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not
7、suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will not be unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do and content in the thoug
8、ht that what was possible has been done.【答案】参考译文：一个人的存在应该像一条河流开始是涓涓细流，被限制在狭窄的河岸之间，然后热情奔放地冲过岩石，越过瀑布。渐渐地，河面变宽了，河岸也远去，河水流动得更加平静。最后，它没有间断地融入了大海，而后便毫无痛苦地消失了自我。能够这样理解自己一生的老人，就不会因害怕死亡而痛苦，因为他所珍爱的一切都会继续存在下去。而且，随着精力的衰退，倦意的增加，长眠的想法并不是不受欢迎的。我希望死于尚能劳作之时，知道别人会继续我未竟的事业，一想到能做的事都做了，就感到满足。6. 单选题An arrow has a sharp,
9、pointed head with which it perforates its target.问题1选项A.faces towardB.followsC.piercesD.flies toward【答案】C【解析】考查词义辨析。perforate表示“穿过，穿孔”。A项face toward“正对着”，B项follow“跟随”，C项pierce“刺穿，穿破”，D项fly toward“飞向”；句意：箭头前端很尖锐，可以用它来刺穿目标物。根据句意该题选C。7. 单选题The megaphone makes the voice sound because it points sound wav
10、es in one direction and keeps them from spreading out in all directions.问题1选项A.slitheringB.interferingC.radiatingD.murmuring【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。spread out表示“展开，伸张”。A项slither“使滑动”，B项interfere“干涉，妨碍”，C项radiate“辐射，发射”，D项murmur“低声说”。句意：扩音器之所以能发出声音，是因为它把声波指向一个方向，防止它们向四面八方扩散。根据题意该题选C。8. 填空题Directions: In this
11、 part you will read a passage and a summary of it. Then fill in the spaces in the summary with a maximum of three words from the passage. Write your answers On the Answer Sheet.Tough Sensor Can Take the HeatA new gas sensor made from a nickels worth of materials can endure high temperatures, corrosi
12、on, vibrations, and exposure to water, according to its inventors at Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois. The tiny sensor detects a variety of gases.Conventional silicon sensors do not work well at temperatures above 150F. But Argonnes new sensor, made of ceramics and metals, is not affected by
13、high temperatures. “The materials in this sensor behave well through a wide range of temperatures.” says Michael Vogt, a control systems engineer at Argonne.Vogt and his colleagues made the sensor by film-screening layers of ceramic and metal on a ceramic substratethen firing the sensor in an indust
14、rial oven at more than l000C. The Argonne researchers set out to build a sensor that would detect overheating computer components. Before an overheating component fails, and possibly ignites, epoxy in the circuit boards releases a gas. The Argonne sensor can detect this vapor and cut off power to th
15、e circuit.The device senses gases by applying a steadily increasing voltage across its electrical leads and monitoring current spikes induced as gases react on the sensors surface. Each gas reacts at a characteristic voltage, and the size of the current spike indicates the “signature” of several representative organic solvents.The sensor could be used to monitor hydrocarbon emissions from cars; todays typical sensors only measure oxygen. The senso
