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1、2022年考博英语-北京科技大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题（ ）this dull life, the full-time mom decided to find a part-time job.问题1选项A.Tied up withB.Fed up withC.Wrapped up inD.Piled up with【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。A项tied up with“和有密切关系”，B项fed up with“受够了；极厌恶”，C项wrapped up in“醉心于的；全心照料的”，D项piled up with“堆满”。根据关键词dull life（沉闷的生活
2、）可知，空格处填入“厌倦”最合适。句意：厌倦了这种枯燥的生活，全职妈妈决定找一份兼职工作。因此，该题B项正确。2. 单选题If the population keeps on growing, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the earth.问题1选项A.maintainB.pertainC.retainD.continue【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。sustain表示“维持”；A项maintain“主张，维持，继续”，B项pertain“适合，从属”，C项retain“保持，记
3、住”，D项continue“继续，延续”。句意：如果人口继续增长，最终将没有足够的资源来维持地球上的生命。根据句意可知，该题选择A项正确。3. 单选题There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when a previous record or performance is surpassed.问题1选项A.exceeded tB.matched tC.maintained tD.announced【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。surpass表示“超越，胜过”；A项exceed“超过”，B项match“相配，比得上”，C项maintain“
4、维持，主张”，D项announce“宣布”。句意：在奥运会上，当以前的记录或成绩被超越时，总是令人激动不已。根据句意可知，该题选择A项正确。4. 翻译题In this book, we offer advice that we hope will seem reasonable and worth serious consideration. But as any experienced writer knows, there are occasions when even the best advice may not apply. The demands of writing for di
5、fferent audiences, with different purposes, on different subjects, at different levels of formality are so varied that they cannot begin to be anticipated in a book like this, and we recognize that what is appropriate for one piece of writing may not be appropriate for another. In most cases, you wi
6、ll have to avoid ambiguity at all costs so as not to leave your words open to misinterpretation.【答案】答：在本书中，我们提供了一些建议，我们希望这些建议看起来是合理并值得认真考虑的。但正如任何有经验的作家都知道的那样，在某些情况下，即使是最好的建议也可能不适用。写作要针对不同的读者，有不同的目的，有不同的题材，语言的正式程度也不同，所有提出的这一切的要求本书是无法预见到的。我们认识到适合一篇文章的东西不一定适合另一篇文章。在大多数情况下，你必须不惜一切代价避免含糊不清，目的是防止人们随意曲解你使用
7、的文字。5. 单选题A membership card（ ）the holder to use the clubs facilities for a period of twelve months.问题1选项A.approvesB.authorizesC.rectifiesD.endows【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A项approve“同意，赞成”，B项authorize“授权，认可”，C项rectify“纠正，改正”，D项endow“赋予，捐赠”。根据句子关键词membership card（会员卡）可知，空格部分表示“授权”，只有B项符合。句意：持卡人有权使用俱乐部的设施12个月。因此
8、，该题选择B项正确。6. 问答题The patient needed a spinal tap, and a senior attending physician asked a medical resident whether a preparatory blood test had been checked. The medical student was stunned to hear him answer in the affirmative, because she was quite certain it had not been checked.(1) Well, almost
9、certain.Doctors in training sometimes confront situations in which they worry that their supervising physicians are making mistakes or bending the truth. (2) Yet even though such acts can jeopardize patients, the inclination and ability of young doctors to speak up is hampered by the hierarchies in
10、teaching hospitals.On the top were the senior physicians who made rounds on the wards once or twice daily. Next were the overworked residents, who essentially lived in the hospital while training. (3) Last were the medical students who were most assuredly at the bottom of the heap.The student whose
11、resident seemingly lied to the attending physician about the blood test did not speak up. The resident was a good doctor, she said, and so she had given him the benefit of the doubt. And, she added, both the resident and the attending physician would be grading her.What should a medical student do i
12、n such a situation? One possibility is to take the matter up with a more senior doctor. Or the student might go directly to the patient or family, telling them that the physicians have a genuine disagreement and that they deserve to know about it.These options seem logical on paper. As the ethicist
13、James Dwyer has written in The Hastings Center Report, “The practice of always keeping quiet is a failure of caring.” (4) But in the real world, it may be extremely difficult to go up the chain of command.Fortunately, medical educators are increasingly recognizing the dilemmas that doctors in traini
14、ng confront when they witness behavior that makes them uncomfortable. (5) Students and residents are now expected to provide routine feedbackpositive and negativeabout their supervising physicians at the close of their rotation.Of course, physicians and students need to be educated about how to give
15、 feedback in professional and non-confrontational ways. Medical educators are only now beginning to teach this skill. Still, it will be hard to change the unfortunate perception that constructive feedback, even for a patients benefit, is whistle-blowing.【答案】答：1.Almost certainly, the medical student was stunned to hear such an answer from his supervisor.2.The inclination and ability of young doctors to speak up is stopped by the hospital hierarchies, despite appearance of mistakes by supervising physicians.3.At the bottom of hierarchy were those medical students as
