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1、2022年考博英语-吉林大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题The rate at which soil can absorb water （ ）with continuous wetting, so the longer a（ ） lasts, or the greater the rate of precipitation, the higher the percentage of water that will flow across the ground as runoff and enter stream channels.问题1选项A.rises.delugeB
2、.diminishes.droughtC.increases.showerD.decreases.rainstorm【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析和名词词义辨析。rise “提升，增加”；deluge “洪水，暴雨”；diminish “使减少，使变小”；drought “干旱，缺乏”； increase “增加，增长”；shower “淋浴，阵雨”；decrease “减少，减小”；rainstorm “暴风雨，大暴雨”。句意：土壤吸收水分的速度随着湿度加大而降低，所以暴雨持续时间较长，降水率越大，地面径流和汇入河流的水就越多。选项D符合题意。2. 单选题Ronny s steps di
3、ed away, and there was a moment of（ ） silence.问题1选项A.abundantB.ampleC.absoluteD.adequate【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。abundant “丰富的，充裕的”；ample “丰富的，足够的”；absolute “绝对的，完全的；专制的”；adequate “充足的”。句意：罗尼的脚步声渐渐消失了，只剩下彻底的寂静。空格处的形容词是用来形容silence的程度，选项C符合题意。3. 单选题The plant has been（ ） of the money it needs for modernizati
4、on.问题1选项A.deletedB.extractedC.deprivedD.convinced【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。delete “删除”；extract “提取；榨取”；deprive “使丧失，剥夺”；convince “说服；使确信，使信服”。句意：该工厂已经丧失其进行现代化所需的资金。选项C符合题意。4. 单选题One of the requirements for a fire is that the material（ ）to its burning temperature.问题1选项A.be heatedB.is heatedC.would heatedD.to
5、 heated【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。requirement为主语，所以后面应该使用虚拟语气，后面的动词形式是should do，表示 “要求 ，其中should是可以省略的。Material与heat之间应该是被动语态，所以应该是should be heated，其中should可以省略，所以选项A符合题意。5. 单选题The doctors dont （ ） that the patient will live much longer.问题1选项A.monitorB.manifestC.articulateD.anticipate【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。monit
6、or “监督，监控”；manifest “显示，表明”；articulate “发音”；anticipate “预期，预计”。句意：医生预计患者不会活更长。选项D符合题意。6. 单选题（ ） is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.问题1选项A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。as is know to 是一个固定搭配，意思是“众所周知”。选项C符合题意。7. 单选题I dont think Johnson will succeed in his new job, for h
7、e is not（ ） to do that type ofwork.问题1选项A.compatibleB.convenientC.consistentD.competent【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。compatible “兼容的，能共处的”；convenient “方便的”；consistent “始终如一的，一致的”；competent “能胜任的，有能力的”。句意：我认为约翰逊的新工作不会成功，因为他不能胜任这份工作。be competent to “胜任 ” ，所以选项D符合题意。8. 单选题Knowing that he had been admitted to Camb
8、ridge University, he was too excited to be（ ） on the phone.问题1选项A.coincidentalB.identicalC.sameD.coherent【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。coincidental “巧合的，一致的”；identical “相同的，同一的”；same “相同的”；coherent “连贯的”。句意：得知被剑桥大学录取，他太过于激动以至于在电话中话都说不连贯。选项D符合题意。9. 单选题The widespread adoption of the Internet and the Web makes it
9、 possible to administer questionnaire surveys electronically, potentially achieving much greater cost-effectiveness and permitting the integration of data from many resources. At the same time, there are significant technical challenges that must be met, especially in the areas of logistics and samp
10、ling. Recognizing the need for innovation in this and related areas, the NSF Methodology, Measurement, and Statistics Program, in collaboration with a consortium of federal statistical agencies represented by the Interagency Council of Statistical Policy and the Federal Committee on Statistical Meth
11、odology, has held a special competition on survey research methods. Included among the topic areas in the competition announcement is secure and easy-to-use methods of collecting survey data via the Web.Todays leading social scientific surveys are very expensive interview studies of national samples
12、. For example, the GSS administers a 90-minute face-to-face interview to 1500 American adults at a cost of about $ 500 per interview. However, the respondents are not a true random sample because cost considerations with respect to the interviewers travel require that respondents be recruited in a l
13、imited number of geographic clusters, and there is no list of residents from which a random sample could be drawn. The small number of geographic areas surveyed limits scientists ability to link GSS data to other geographically based data such as the U.S. census. Because of the high cost and the man
14、y research communities that seek time in the GSS, it is impossible to include more than a handful of question on any particular topic. This prevents the GSS from employing much of the best methodology of measurement scale construction, which requires inclusion of a large number of items. Surveys lik
15、e the GSS will be needed in future decades to chart the changing social, economic, and political conditions of the American public. But many types of social science will advance more rapidly through surveys administered over the web.Web-based surveys can reach very large numbers of respondents at low cost. They will be geographically dispersed so that their data can be, linked to the census, to local economic information
