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1、2022年考博英语-中南大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题The human intelligence that created industrial civilization now has the assignment of making that civilization （ ）mans basic prerequisites.问题1选项A.compatible withB.warrantable forC.assignable toD.reducible to【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。compatible with “与 兼容的；与 和谐相处的”；warr
2、antable for “对 是可担保的”；assignable to “分配到”；reducible to “简化为；归于” 。句意：如今，创造工业文明的人类智慧的任务是让文明与人类的基本先决条件和谐相处。由“industrial civilization” 与“mans basic prerequisites”可知A项符合语境，故A项正确。2. 单选题Sigmund Freud lived most of his life in Vienna, Austria. He was trained in medicine and established the International Psy
3、choanalytic Association in 1910. This excerpt is from a translation of a 1923 work, The Ego and the Id.There are certain people who behave in a quite peculiar fashion during the work of analysis. When one speaks hopefully to them or expresses satisfaction with the progress of the treatment, they sho
4、w signs of discontent and their condition invariably becomes worse. One begins by regarding this as defiance and as an attempt to prove their superiority to the physician, but later one comes to take a deeper and juster view. One becomes convinced, not only that such people cannot endure any praise
5、or appreciation, but that they react inversely to the progress of the treatment. Every partial solution that ought to result; and in other people does result, in an improvement or a temporary suspension of symptoms produces in them for the exacerbation of their illness; they get worse during the tre
6、atment instead of getting better. The exhibit what is known as a “negative therapeutic reaction.”There is no doubt that there is something in these people that sets itself against their recovery, and its approach is dreaded as though it were a danger. We are accustomed to say that the need for illne
7、ss has got the upper hand in them over the desire for recovery. If we analyze this resistance in the usual way then, even after allowance has been made for an attitude of defiance towards the physician and for fixation to the various forms of gain from illness, the greater part of it is still left o
8、ver; and this reveals itself as the most powerful of all obstacles to recovery, more powerful than the familiar ones of narcissistic inaccessibility, a negative attitude towards the physician and clinging to the gain from illness.In the end, we come to see that we are dealing with what may be called
9、 a“moral”factor, a sense of guilt which is finding satisfaction in the illness and refuses to give up the punishment of suffering. We shall be right in regarding this disheartening explanation as final. But as far as the patient is concerned this sense of guilt is dumb; it does not tell him he is gu
10、ilty; he does not feel guilty, he feels ill. This sense of guilt expresses itself only as a resistance to recovery which is extremely difficult to overcome. It is also particular difficult to convince the patient that this motive lies behind his continuing to be ill, he holds fast to the more obviou
11、s explanation that treatment by analysis is not the right remedy for his case.1.A good title for this passage might be （ ）.2.From the passage we can learn that Freud means that these patients（ ）.3.Freuds study of this syndrome leads him to think that（ ）.4.Does Freud feel that analysis is not right f
12、or the patients he describes?问题1选项A.An Inverse Reaction to ProgressB.The Need for AnalysisC.Guilt and SufferingD.Introduction to Freuds Ideas问题2选项A.act contrary to a physicians expectationsB.get worse when they should get betterC.get better when they should get worseD.both A and B问题3选项A.most patient
13、s respond badly to praiseB.patients need to trust their physiciansC.patients guilt may keep them from getting wellD.the patients personal emotions need to be analyzed问题4选项A.Yes, he feels they are in love with their illness.B.Yes, he feels that they are too ill to recover.C.Yes, he senses that they n
14、eed another remedy.D.No, but the patients often feel that way.【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:C第4题:D【解析】1.判断推理题。由第一段中This excerpt is from a translation of a 1923 work, The Ego and the Id. “本文节选自1923年的作品自我与本我。”与第二段There are certain people who behave in a quite peculiar fashion during the work of analysis. When one
15、 speaks hopefully to them or expresses satisfaction with the progress of the treatment, they show signs of discontent and their condition invariably becomes worse. “在分析工作中，有些人的行为举止相当奇特。当人们满怀希望地与他们交谈，或对治疗的进展表示满意时，他们就会表现出不满的迹象，病情总是会恶化。” 可推知D项“对弗洛伊德观点的介绍”正确。其他三项都是文中未提及的内容。2.判断推理题。定位到第二段中的but that they react inversely to the progress of the treatment. “但是它们对治疗过程的反应是相反的。”和they get worse during the treatment instead of getting better. “他们在治疗过程中病情恶化，而不是好转”。可知A项与B项正确，故答案为D。3.判断推理题。由最后一段中We shall be right in regarding this disheartening explanation as final. 我们将正确地把这个令人沮丧的解释作为最后的解释”。
