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1、2022年考博英语-煤炭科学研究总院考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Alcohols can also （ ） judgment to the extent that you may not make the best or brightest decisions in a cold weather emergency.问题1选项A.impartB.impactC.impairD.impose【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A项impart “传授”，B项impact “影响”，C项impair “损害、削弱”，D项impose “利用”；句意：酒精也会影响你的判断力，让你在寒冷
2、天气的紧急情况下无法做出最佳或最明智的决定。因此B选项正确。2. 单选题Some things simply cannot be altered and （ ） people accept this, not wasting energy on trying to do the impossible.问题1选项A.roughB.plasticC.harshD.resilient【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项rough “粗糙的”，B项plastic “塑料的”，C项harsh “严厉的、刺耳的”，D项resilient “可迅速恢复的、坚韧的”；句意：有些东西根本无法改变，有韧性的人能
3、接受这一点，不会浪费精力来做不可能的事。因此D选项正确。3. 单选题Holders of deferred shares have no rights to vote at general meetings or receive any （ ）.问题1选项A.divisiveB.divideC.dividendD.division【答案】C【解析】考查形近词辨析。A项形容词divisive “分裂的、区分的”，B项动词divide “分开”，C项名词dividend “红利、股息”，D项名词division “除法、分割”；句意：递延股票的持有者在股东大会上没有投票权，也不能获得任何股息。因此
4、C选项正确。4. 单选题Soil on the mountain slopes is very susceptible （ ） erosion.问题1选项A.ofB.toC.withD.by【答案】B【解析】考查介词辨析及搭配。A项of “的”，B项to “到、朝、对于”，C项with “和”，D项by “由、被、到之前”；句意：山坡上的土壤很容易被侵蚀。be susceptible to “易受的影响”；因此B选项正确。5. 单选题All the evidence （ ） that he stole the money.问题1选项A.recommendsB.proposesC.suggest
5、sD.advises【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A项recommend “建议、推荐”，B项propose “建议、打算、求婚”，C项suggest “提议、显示、暗示”，D项advise “劝告、忠告”；句意：所有的证据都显示是他偷了钱。因此C选项正确。6. 单选题Im worried about washing that shirt in case it （ ）.问题1选项A.decreasesB.contractsC.constringesD.shrinks【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A项decrease “减少”，B项contract “收缩”，C项constringe “使收
6、敛”，D项名词shrink “缩水”；句意：我不敢洗那件衬衫，怕它会缩水。因此D选项正确。7. 单选题The （ ） for travelling without a ticket is 200.问题1选项A.penalB.panelC.panelizeD.penalty【答案】D【解析】考查形近词及词义辨析。A项形容词penal “刑事的、刑罚的”，B项名词panel “仪表盘、陪审团”，C项动词panelize “处罚、处刑”，D项名词penalty “罚款、罚金”；句意：长途旅行不买票罚款200镑。因此D选项正确。8. 单选题A piece of glass was embedded （
7、 ） her hand.问题1选项A.withB.withinC.inD.inside【答案】C【解析】考查介词辨析及搭配。A项with “和”，B项within “在之内”，C项in “在里”，D项inside “内部、内侧”；句意：一块玻璃扎在她的手上。embed in “嵌入”；因此C选项正确。9. 翻译题Space X will send a spacesuit-clad crash test dummy to the International Space Station as part of a trial flight for its Crew Dragon spacecraft
8、. The mission will take place on 2 March and will also deliver supplies to crew aboard the ISS. An array of sensors built into the mannequins suit will help provide key data ahead of the first human passengers going aboard the capsule later this year.Mr. Musk revealed the cost of a ticket to Mars on
9、 board a Space X flight would be less than $100,000. Taking questions on social media, he wrote: Im confident moving to Mars (return ticket is free) will one day cost less than $500k or maybe even below $100k. Low enough that most people in advanced economies could sell their home on Earth and move
10、to Mars if they want.Section A Translate the following passage into Chinese.【答案】Space X公司将把一个穿着航天服的撞击试验人体模型送往国际空间站，这也是其Crew Dragon载人宇宙飞船试飞任务的一部分。这次任务将于3月2日进行，并将向国际空间站的宇航员运送物资。该人体模型所穿的太空服上安装了大量的传感器。今年晚些时候，在第一批人类旅客将登上太空舱之前，这些传感器将有助于提供重要数据。马斯克先生透露，乘坐Space X宇宙飞船前往火星的票价可能会低于10万美元。他在社交媒体上接受了人们的提问，并写道：“我确信
11、，将来有一天搬去火星（返程票是免费的）的票价会低于50万美元，甚至可能会低于10万美元。这个票价足够低了，发达经济体的多数人都可以卖掉他们在地球上的房子，搬去火星，如果他们愿意的话。”10. 单选题The law can （ ） fathers to make regular payments for their children.问题1选项A.compelB.complyC.complainD.combine【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A项compel “强迫、迫使”，B项comply “遵守、顺从”，C项complain “抱怨”，D项combine “联合、结合”；句意：这项法律可强
12、制父亲定期支付子女的费用。因此A选项正确。11. 单选题During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I （1） the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesnt want to （2） a few dollars? More than that, Id alwa
13、ys wanted to learn chess. And, even if I werent （3） enough about free credits, news about our （4） was appealing enough to me. He was an international grand master, which （5） I would be learning from one of the games （6）. I could hardly wait to （7） him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former grad
14、uate returning to teach, and this （8） was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it （9） that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to （10） the class among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to （11） what we would learn in class to our future professi
15、ons and （12） to our lives. I managed to get an A in that （13） and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the （14）.Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, Im still putting to use what he （15） me: “the absolute most important （16） that you learn when you play chess is how to make good （17）.On every single move you have to （18
