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1、2022年考博英语-黑龙江大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Abraham Lincoln insisted that（ ）not just on mere opinion but on moral purpose.问题1选项A.to base democracyB.democracy be basedC.for democracy to be based onD.whenever democracy is based【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。当句中谓语动词为表示命令、建议、要求等词汇时，从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省略。故B项正确。句意：奥巴马林肯
2、坚称民主不能仅仅建立在意念上，而应该建立在道德目的上。2. 不定项选择题President Arling has put his long-awaited economic restructuring program before the Congress. It provides a coordinated program of investment credits, research grants, educational reforms, and tax changes designed to make American industry more competitive. This i
3、s necessary to reverse the economic slide into unemployment, lack of growth, and trade deficits that have plagued the economy for the past six years. The most liberal wing of the Presidents party has called for stronger and more direct action. They want an incomes policy to check inflation while Fed
4、eral financing helps rebuild industry behind a wall of protective tariffs. The Republicans, however, decry even the modest, graduated tax increases in the Presidents program.They want tax cuts and a more open market. They say if Federal money has to be injected into the economy, let it through defen
5、ce spending.Both these alternatives ignore the unique nature of the economic problem before us. It is not simply a matter of markets or financing. The new technology allows vastly increased production for those able to master it.But it also threatens those who fail to adopt it with permanent second-
6、class citizenship in the world economy. If an industry cannot lever itself up to the leading stage of technological advances, then it will not be able to compete effectively. If it cannot do this, no amount of government protectionism or access to foreign markets can keep it profitable for long.With
7、out the profits and experience of technological excellence to reinvest, that industry can only fall still further behind its foreign competitors.So the crux is the technology and that is where the Presidents program focused. The danger is not that a plan will not be passed, it is that the ideologues
8、 of right and left will distort the bill with amendments that will blur its focus on technology. The economic restructuring plan should be passed intact.If we fail to restructure our economy now, we may not get a second chance.1. The focus of the Presidents program is on_.2. What is the requirement
9、of the most liberal wing of the Democratic-party?3. What is the editors attitude?4. The danger to the plan lies in _.5. The passage is _.问题1选项A.investmentB.economyC.technologyD.tax问题2选项A.They want a more direct action.B.They want an incomes policy to check inflation.C.They want to rebuild industry.D
10、.They want a wall of protective tariffs.问题3选项A.Support.B.Distaste.C.Disapproval.D.Compromise.问题4选项A.the two parties objectionB.different idea of the two parties about the planC.its passageD.distortion问题5选项A.a reviewB.a prefaceC.an advertisementD.an editorial【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:A第4题:D第5题:D【解析】1. 【选项释义】
11、The focus of the Presidents program is on _. 总统项目的重点是_。A. investment A. 投资B. economy B. 经济C. technology C. 技术D. tax D. 税收【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干信息focus of the Presidents program可定位到倒数第二段第一句，该处讲到“所以关键是技术（the crux is the technology），这也是总统项目的重点所在”因此C选项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项“投资”，是总统计划中涉及到的部分但并不是关键，属于本末倒置；B选项“经济”，范
12、围太广，太笼统，属于本末倒置；D选项“税收”，是总统计划中的一部分但也不是关键，属于本末倒置。2. 【选项释义】What is the requirement of the most liberal wing of the Democratic-party? 民主党中最自由派的要求是什么？A. They want a more direct action. A. 他们想要一个更直接的行动。B. They want an incomes policy to check inflation. B. 他们想要一个收入政策来遏制通货膨胀。C. They want to rebuild industry
13、. C. 他们想重建工业。D. They want a wall of protective tariffs. D. 他们想要保护性关税壁垒。【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到Para. 1第四句，该处讲到“总统政党中最自由的一派呼吁采取更有力、更直接的行动（stronger and more direct action）”。因此A选项正确。【干扰项排除】B选项“他们想要一个收入政策来遏制通货膨胀”，属于行动中的一部分，该选项以偏概全；C选项“他们想重建工业”，属于行动中一部分，该选项以偏概全；D选项“他们想要保护性关税壁垒”也是该行动中的一部分，以偏概全。3. 【选项释义
14、】What is the editors attitude? 编者的态度是什么？A. Support. A. 支持。B. Distaste. B. 厌恶。C. Disapproval. C. 反对。D. Compromise. D. 妥协。【考查点】观点态度题。【解题思路】文中作者在Para. 4第二句中说到“如果一个行业不能把自己提升到技术进步的领先阶段，那么它就不能有效地竞争”。也就是说作者赞同新计划，发展新技术。同时他还强调了新技术在未来发展的作用。作者在最后一段又提到“如果我们现在不能重组我们的经济，我们可能不会有第二次机会。”，综合理解可以推测出作者的态度是支持的。因此A选项正确。【
15、干扰项排除】B选项“厌恶”、C选项“反对”、D选项“妥协”不符合原文作者的观点，属于无中生有。4. 【选项释义】The danger to the plan lies in _. 这个计划的危险在于_。A. the two parties objection A. 双方的反对意见B. different idea of the two parties about the plan B. 双方对这个计划有不同的看法C. its passage C. 它的通过D. distortion D. 扭曲；曲解【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息danger to the plan可定位到倒数第二段第二句，该处讲到“危险（The danger）不在于一项计划无法通过，而在于左右翼的理论家将通过修正案歪曲该法案（distort the bill with amendments），从而模糊其对技术的关注。”。比对选项，D选项恰好是此信息的同义转换，因此D选项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项“双方的反对意见”，属于无中生有；B选项“双方
