定语从句精讲精练 ——介词+关系代词引导的定语从句第一部分 精讲一一介词+关系代词引导的定语从句【知识点1】直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是 which或whom，构成介词+which (指物)；介词+whom (指人)两种结构例】 The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.【例】 The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved.【例】 He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books.【例】It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago.【例】 The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.【知识点2】直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不 位于关系代词之前时，可省例】 The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner.【例】 The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved.【例】 He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from.【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago.【例】 The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood.【知识点3】第#页共19页关系副词 when, where, why可以相应地转化为：介词 +which结构。
例】 This is the house where I lived two years ago.二This is the house in which I lived two years ago.【例】 Do you remember the day when you joined our club?=Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?【例】I don ' t know the reason why he said so.=I don ' t know the reason for which he said so.【知识点4】有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：【例】 He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for.【例】 The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30.【知识点5】注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。
例】They fin ally climbed up the moun tai n, on top of which many stra nge birds were see n.【例】 Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, in front of whom sit three students.【知识点6】不定代词+of+ which/ whom引导的定语从句可化为 of+ which/ whom+不定代词 结构；这也是高考常考点其中用到的不定代词有some, any, none,both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one，等等例】 There are 40 students in our class, most of who( =of whom most)likeEn glish.【例】 These are books writte n by Mark Twa in, one of which (=of which one) was read to me by my father【例】 She has two sons, neither of whom( =of whom neither) is a teacher.【例】 She has many books, none of which(=of which none) is interesting.【知识点7】关系代词 whose+名词 引导的定语从句可转化为 the+名词+of+ which /whom 或of+ which/whom+ the +名词结构；of表所属关系。
例】I live in a room whose windows are all broken.=I live in a room of which the wi ndows are all broke n.=I live in a room the wi ndows of which are all broke n.【例】 This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellent.=This is my teacher the handwriting of whom is excellent.=This is my teacher of whom the handwriting is excellent.【知识点8】由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为：介词 +.which/whom+ to do 结构例】I have a small room in which I live in.=I have a small room in which to live.=I have a small room to live in.【例】 He has a good friend to whom he can turn for help.=He has a good frie nd to whom to tur n for help.=He has a good friend to turn to for help.【知识点9】 介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句 子意思【例】 He used to live in London, from where he came from.【例】 He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects.【知识点10】如何确定关系代词前的介词：将定语从句还原：构成两个搭配，即从句谓 语部分与介词的适当搭配；介词与先行词的正确搭配。
例】 The picture which he paid $100 was once owned by a king.【析】定语从句谓语是pay some money先行词为the picture;还原句子即： He paid $100 the picture在本句中填上合适介词；构成短语： pay somemoney for someth ing例】 This is Tom Sawyer, whom his teacher is proud.【析】 还原：His teacher is proud Tom Sawyer构成短语： be proud of例】 Can you think of a situation 」n_ which this word can be used?【例】I ' m grateful to him for that advice, ___ which I owed all my success.第二部分 精练——介词+关系词专项练习1. On his 10th birthday. Marty man ages to escape from the zoo and gets onto thesubway, he believes that he can go to the wild.A. which B. from what C. through which D. that2. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when theyremembered the scenes people were eate n by the tiger.A. that B. by which C. which D. i n which3. I am grateful to him for that advice, I owe all my success.A. which B. that C. to which D. by which4. The farmers use wood to build a house to store grains all the yeararo und.A. with which B. to which C. which D. in which5. — Can you tell me where Peter lives?—Over there. The two storey house, there is a garde n.A. n ear it B. from which D. in front of which6. — Why does she always ask you for help?—There is no one else ,is there?A. who to turn to B. she can tur n toC. for whom to turn D. for her to turn7. Is there a gas station around I can get some petrol?A. which B. what C. where D. that8. The biggest hobby in America n, the on America ns spe nd most time, en ergy and mon ey, is garde ning.A. that B. whichC. on whichD. /9. Newt on inven ted a new ki nd of telescope mirrors in stead of len ses.A. which used B. in which he usedC. that he used D. in that he used10. The Seco nd World War millio ns of people 。