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1、2022年考博英语-云南大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题I（ ）have written to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.问题1选项A.needntB.oughtnt toC.wouldntD.shouldnt【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。neednt have done“本来不必做”，隐含实际上已经做了，从下文“此后不久他就给我打了电话”可知用neednt have written to him。句意为：我本不必写信给他，因为他后来不久就给我打了电话。A选项正确。2. 单选题When photograph
2、ing an object from different viewpoints, the photographers perspective of（ ）changes.问题1选项A.of what is seeingB.seeing whatC.it sees whatD.what it sees【答案】D【解析】语法题。根据句子结构可知，空格部分为介词of的宾语，所以填入一个宾语从句。特殊疑问词可引导宾语从句，并且要用陈述语序。句意：当从不同的角度拍摄一个物体时，摄影师对它所看到的东西的视觉会发生变化。选项D符合题意。3. 单选题It used to be so straightforwar
3、d. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the authors names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept
4、 the paper for publication or decline it. Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.No longer. The Internet and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money fr
5、om government-funded research by restricting access to it is making access to scientific results a reality. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University
6、 in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. But it goes further than that. It signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.The value of knowledge and the return on the public investmen
7、t in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $7 billion and $11 billion. The International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more th
8、an 2,000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1.2 million articles each year in some 16,000 journals.This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main ones we
9、re identified by the reports authors. There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (or his employer) to pay for the
10、 paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a
11、 paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.1.In the first paragraph, the author discusses（ ）.2.Which of the following is true of the
12、 OECD report?3.According to the text, online publication is significant in that（ ）.4.With the open-access publishing model, the author of a paper is required to（ ）.5.Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the text?问题1选项A.the background information of journal editing.B.the publicatio
13、n routine of laboratory reports.C.the relations of authors with journal publishers.D.the traditional process of journal publication.问题2选项A.It criticizes government-funded research.B.It introduces an effective means of publication.C.It upsets profit-making journal publishers.D.It benefits scientific
14、research considerably.问题3选项A.it provides an easier access to scientific results.B.it brings huge profits to scientific researchers.C.it emphasizes the crucial role of scientific knowledge.D.it facilitates public investment in scientific research.问题4选项A.cover the cost of its publication.B.subscribe t
15、o the journal publishing it.C.allow other online journals to use it freely.D.complete the peer-review before submission.问题5选项A.The Internet is posing a threat to publishers.B.A new mode of publication is emerging.C.Authors welcome the new channel for publication.D.Publication is rendered easier by online service.【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:A第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.推理判断题。定位到文章第一段，“在实验室里一起工作的一组研究人员将把他们的研究结果提交给一家杂志。然后，期刊编辑会从论文中删除作者的姓名和所属机构，并将其发送给他们的同行进行审阅。根据收到的评论，编辑可以接受或拒绝发表。版权归期刊出版商所有，而想要了解研究结果的研究人员必须订阅该期刊”。由此可知作者说明的是传统的出版常规流程，因此选项D正确。2.事实细节题。定位到文章第二段，But it goe
