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1、2022年考博英语-燕山大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Although language is used to transmit information, the informative functions of language are fused with older and deeper functions so that only a small portion of our everyday speech can be described as purely informative. The ability to use language for strictly
2、informative purposes was probably developed relatively late in the course of linguistic evolution.Long before that time, our ancestral species probably made the sorts of cries animals do to express feelings of hunger, fear, loneliness, and the like. Gradually these noises seem to have become more di
3、fferentiated, transforming the cries into language as we know it today.Although we have developed language in which accurate reports may be given, we still use language as vocal equivalents of gestures such as crying in pain. When words are used as the vocal equivalent of expressive gestures, langua
4、ge is functioning in presymbolic ways. These presymbolic uses of language coexist our symbolic system so that the talking we do in everyday life is a thorough blending of symbolic and presymbolic language.What we call social conversation is mainly presymbolic in character. When we are at a large soc
5、ial gathering, for example, we all have to talk. It is typical of these conversations that, except among very good friends, few of the remarks made have any informative value: talk together about nothing at all and thereby establishes a relationship.There is principle at work in the selection of the
6、 subject matter we deem appropriate for social conversation. Since the purpose of this kind of talk is the establishment of communion, we are careful to select subjects about which agreement is immediately possible. With each new agreement, no matter how commonplace, the fear and suspicion of the st
7、ranger wear away, and the possibility of friendship emerges. When further conversation reveals that we have friends or political views or artistic values or hobbies in common, a friend is made, and genuine communication and cooperation can begin.1. The phrase “older and deeper functions” in the firs
8、t sentence refers to _.2. The author uses the term “presymbolic language” to mean probably _.3. With regard to the evolution of language, which of the following statements is TRUE?4. The primary value of presymbolic language for humans is that it _.5. Which of the following statements is TRUE accord
9、ing to the passage?问题1选项A.the grammatical structure of languageB.the expression of emotions through soundC.the transmission of information through written languageD.the purely informative part of language问题2选项A.language used in accurate reportsB.language that lacks an elaborate grammatical structure
10、C.language that our ancestors use prehistoricallyD.language that is of little informative value问题3选项A.The origin of language can be traced back to the early mans imitation of noises made by animals.B.Meaningless cries preceded the origin of language.C.In the process of evolution, language is mainly
11、non-informative.D.Originally, language is the indistinguishable forms of cries.问题4选项A.wipes out human hostility and suspicionB.permits and aids the smooth functioning of interpersonal relationshipsC.kills time in a more casual wayD.establish an agreement for genuine cooperation问题5选项A.Since language
12、is mainly for information, communication in our daily life is primarily symbolic.B.In modern times, we tend to use more symbolic languages than presymbolic ones.C.Before a genuine communication and conversation began speakers generally accompany symbolic language with presymbolic one.D.In terms of d
13、aily talking it is relatively hard to determine which part of the language is symbolic and which part is presymbolic.【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.【试题答案】B【试题解析】词义推断题。根据第一段第一句Although language is used to transmit information, the informative functions of language are fused with older and deeper
14、functions so that only a small portion of our everyday speech can be described as purely informative.（虽然语言是用来传递信息的，但语言的信息功能与更古老和更深层次的功能融合在一起，所以我们日常语言中只有小部分可以被描述为纯粹的信息功能。），可知语言更古老和更深层次的功能不是纯粹传递信息，结合第二段Long before that time, our ancestral species probably made the sorts of cries animals do to express
15、feelings of hunger, fear, loneliness, and the like. Gradually these noises seem to have become more differentiated, transforming the cries into language as we know it today.（在那之前很久，我们的祖先可能会发出动物的那种叫声来表达饥饿、恐惧、孤独等感觉。渐渐地，这些声音似乎变得更有区别，把叫声变成了我们今天所知道的语言。），可知语言更古老和更深层次的功能是表达情绪，B选项“通过声音表达情感”正确。D选项“语言的纯信息部分”：
16、语言更古老和更深层次的功能不是纯粹传递信息，不符合文章内容，属于反向干扰。A选项“语言的语法结构”和C选项“通过书面语言传递信息”：文章没有提到，属于无中生有。因此B选项正确。2.【试题答案】D【试题解析】词义推断题。作者在第三段最后一句提出the talking we do in everyday life is a thorough blending of symbolic and presymbolic language（我们在日常生活中的说话是一种彻底的象征性语言和前象征性语言的融合），然后在第四段最后一句It is typical of these conversations that, except
