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1、6. Grundles elefIn futrw aregoing to foowhe practce-i ibme a hai-ofclasifying ropostinsaordin toter grounds.O eery stten w come acrs, weshall as :HO D WKONWTA?WHAT RESONHAE WE FR BEEVINGTHAT？ON WHATGROUG S THAT STTEMNTBAD? bablywe shll b asoished a thenmerofprsitin et with inevryda lf which we shal
2、fid it necesay tocss as goundless Tey restupon mee tadition， or on somebdy bae aseri uspred b even a hdow of pro.t mayb abief wich we originaly acceptes a resu of simpleggsion nd we v coninu o holdi ver sne.t n bme n furglar habits othoughterhas omod -somewhre-ometimtod us a ain hing, ad uie unrtica
3、ly accepted andbelied it erhaps t ws ay bak i our early childhoo-beore e ha een evelopd the poweofquetoning nythin that mgh be od tos.Man of stront covcionswre esablished then;nd now ,in bout lfe， we fndit most difcult eve toquestion teirruth. The seemto s obvouly ue.Buif te saunchest RmeCtholic and
4、 the staunhst Presbytnhdbeen exchagedwhe infnts，and if thy h ben broutup th ome an ll oer inflences reversed wcanhaveer little doubt at the reut woudhave en. I is constent withll ou knowledge ofpsyhology tococlud atech ou aegrow uphldixactly the pposie beles t hse e oldnow.ad each woul th have let a
5、s ure fthetrut o his oinion ah nw ees-fruh fe oposte opnion. Th me thin is tue,of curse， o manbliefs oter thnhose of a reigious ture. fwe ad grown u in comunty whreplygamy orheadhuningr inanicide,or gaiatora fightn, uelling, was egaded a te normaland natalthng-then we shouldhve row up oregard i as o
6、biousl naualan prfectlmoral and rope. If aEngls baby ad ben adptednd brogh up in aGrn om,ndha gown up wth nknwledge tha his paents were Engs, a h nimtand blifs of tpson would e Grman aot Englsh. Many oourbelies-many f or most deeplyroted and fundamental onviction-arehed simlas aesuls o the factht we
7、 happen tohave brught up” tohemO cursee o not cease,whe e case be hiden， oapt nw belies on er suggstion. cotinue doingi， moor ls unonsiosl al or lie: hene, to tk nly t mot strikingxampe, th enmousinfluence fnewsapr dthe effctienessof illadvertising. Muc f ht pases as sch not, strictly, hininat l. is
8、 the mer “parotng”of deas pice up by cance addopteda our ow wiout quesion. Most eople, most of th tme, are ee parrt. Bu as e leavechildoo， we tend to cetolsuch new ideas as fi in with eidas wealadhold; an l cnlctng idea seemt u“obiusl” bsurdropostns tht are ceptesmply ecus“veybody sas,” ust bcassed
9、under the same headinTe dogmmay n be that o any prticula ndividl: mayb dogmatic taement wichhas been pased romne person oanther,from eneraio togeneton, pehaps forhued-pehafor thusn-o yars. I ay at ofte traitionlbif of hepeope o the rae.Inthat as,iti part ofursociainheriancefrom smperiod nhe past.Bt
10、we should ully fctefact tht beles ih are merly inheite from th past must have rigiated at a te when menkne muh ls tanthey know tda. S factaelefis “od” i noarguent init faour.We ned escialy to b on our gr wen w come acros proositions whichsem to be “vusly”ue.When we fn urseles eterining n opion aou w
11、ich ther i a feeling th even tenquie nto it wouldeabsur,unnecessr, undesirble, o wckd-we aknow hat hapinins no-ratial n.When e aetemd o say that any nea trth iso “bvius” that t woul e absdeent queion it，wshold emember tht the hole his the evlomnt of human tut has ben fuocases of sch “obviu trts” bea
12、kindonwen eaied n h ight oficreasing knowlede ad reason. Foristance,for age nohing cold have eemed morobou, re uterly beond questionthte rsition tht saey wa aural， reasnbe,nesary,andright Soe inds of mnwe “ovisy” “laves by ntre.” To oubt iwspsibe.ginfr morethantwothousands ear, it was “impossle to onceive”the lnets as moving in paths oter hn irl. Te ircl wa “obviouly” he efectfiur;and o iws “naal” nd“nevitab” t supos th th pantsmoedin circles. Te ae-long srg f te gaet in
