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1、2022年考博英语-黑龙江大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题Water will continue to be（ ）it is todaynext in importance to oxygen.问题1选项A.howB.whichC.asD.what【答案】D【解析】考查语法。后面破折号的内容是对前一句做进一步的补充说明，空格处所在句子为表语从句，所填词引导表语从句且在句中做宾语。故D项正确。句意：水将依然处于仅次于氧气的重要地位。2. 单选题Mary once_ with another musician to compose a piece of pop music
2、.问题1选项A.mergedB.collaboratedC.coincidedD.constituted【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. merged（尤指商业结构）合并；（使）融合，逐渐消失 B. collaborated合作C. coincided一致；符合；同时发生 D. constituted组成；构成【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】空格后有with表示和一起，表伴随。根据逻辑关系，应该是二人合作一起创作音乐。B选项符合句意，正确。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。【句意】玛丽有一次与另一位音乐家合作谱写了一首流行乐曲。3. 翻译题Humans are t
3、he only surviving hominin（人亚科原人）species and are distinct from other hominin species in our unique combination of complex material culture, social behavior, bodily characteristics, and intelligence. We will here refer only to anatomically modern humans or Homo sapiens as “humans.” These are people we
4、 would call “people” if we were to stand eye-to-eye with one of them. To put it another way, if we traveled back in a time machine to 200,000 years ago we would probably recognize the upright walking beings as human beings (even though they probably did not yet use language or symbolism like we do),
5、 but there is no guarantee that we would connect the same way with anything living before that, not necessarily even with Neanderthals who lived side by side with some human populations until 30,000 years ago. Although some scientists refer to everything within the human genus (Homo) as “humans,” we
6、 will reserve that title for ourselves only.【答案】人类是唯一幸存的古人类（人亚科原人）物种，与其他古人类物种不同的是，我们独特地结合了复杂的物质文化、社会行为、身体特征和智力。我们在这里只将解剖学上的现代人或智人称为“人类”。如果我们和他们中的一个面对面站着，我们就会称他们为“人”。换句话说,如果我们乘坐时光机回到200000年前我们可能会认识到作为人类直立行走的人(尽管他们可能还不像我们使用语言或象征意义) ，但不能保证我们会以同样的方式与之前的任何生物联系在一起，甚至不一定是与尼安德特人，他们直到3万年前还与一些人类生活在一起。虽然有些科学家把
7、人类属(人)的一切都称为“人类”，但我们只把这个头衔留给我们自己。4. 单选题On campuses, cheerful undergraduates are pressing leaflets into freshers hands. At Heathrow airport, where many foreign students enter Britain, the welcome has been less warm. Officials herded recent arrivals into a separate queue that at times took six hours t
8、o get throughand those were lucky ones. Many potential students are languishing at home, and will miss out on university places this autumn unless they receive visas in the next few days.Universities had seen trouble looming since March, when a new student-visa system was introduced. By insisting th
9、at potential students prove their academic credentials and show that they have enough money to support themselves, the Home Office intended to deter those who were actually coming to Britain to work. It has hoped the reforms would keep out potential terrorists. But the advice it issued to applicants
10、 was poor (it has since been revised) and staff at many visa-processing centres were not properly trained.The result has been a backlog at many centersin Los Angles, for example, students waited up to 40 days for a visa. But the problem has been particularly acute in the Indian subcontinent. In Paki
11、stan, 5,000 aspiring students have yet to have their applications processed and 9,000 more are appealing against outright refusals.The logjam affects mostly wealthy, well-educated folk in strategically important countries. The elite universities, some of which have long had a cosmopolitan clientele,
12、 are concerned. “We are extremely worried about the damage that this could do to the reputation of British higher education overseas, particularly in the Indian subcontinent. It comes at a time when universities finances are under enormous pressure, ” says Simeon Underwood, head of admissions policy
13、 at the London School of Economics.International students are vital to British universities. Although British and European students pay tuition fees of up to 3, 225 a year, the cost of educating them is far higher. The state partially plugs the gap and, for that reason, it also caps the number of th
14、ese students. Fees from overseas students, who pay around 12,000 a year, contribute more than 1.5 billion annually, 8% of universities total income.To attract these crucial customers, universities offer to meet them at airports, run events to settle them in and arrange for police to visit campuses t
15、o expedite visa controls. But if students cannot make it into Britain, such canny marketing is in vain. This year, even though a weak pound makes British universities a cheap option, some have seen the number of new students from outside the European Union fall by a fifth because of difficulties in
16、getting visas.On a visit to Islamabad on October 5th Alan Johnson, the home secretary, promised to cut the time it takes to process a visa from 60 days to 15 by hiring more staff, and to help Pakistan establish a national anti-terrorism agency, which would relieve the pressure on the visa system. But his intervention will not help this years blocked stud
