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1、第3讲构词法全国卷考情分析题型典题试做命题解读语法填空1 (2019全国卷) When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting competition(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it.2(2018全国卷)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to strengthen (strength) your
2、 leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and its always energetic(energy)3(2018全国卷) A taste for meat is actually (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.1给出形容词提示词，填写副词或名词；2给出动词提示词，填写名词或形容词；3给出名词提示词，
3、填写形容词或动词。短文改错1(2018全国卷)I felt happily that their life had improved.happilyhappy 2(2018全国卷)Immediate, I raised my hand.ImmediateImmediately 3(2017全国卷)It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.suddenlysudden1形容词和副词的互相错用；2形容词和名词的互相错用；3ed与ing形容词的互相错用。合成法和转化法.单句语法填空1(20
4、19湖北七市联考)Flowering in May, peonies large petals and strong colors are linked to prosperity and (rich) in traditional Chinese culture.richness考查名词。空前and一词决定其前后单词词性相同，and前prosperity(繁荣)是名词，所以空处应该也是名词，形容词rich的名词是richness。2(2019武汉武昌区调研)In fact, it must have a hard struggle to get its (free) from the coc
5、oon.freedom考查名词。空处前面是形容词性物主代词its，形容词性物主代词后面要接名词，所以填名词freedom。3(2019合肥第一次教学质量检测)Senior experts from UNESCO were amazed at its unique natural scenery, near perfect biological system, and creative (combine) of nature and bination考查名词。由前面的形容词creative和后面的of可知，此处应用combine的名词形式。4(2019江西五校第一次联考)The United N
6、ations agency reported this week the 12 superbugs are a threat to human (healthy)health考查名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式作宾语。human health意为“人类健康”，作介词to的宾语。5(2019河南豫北名校质量评估)Lanzhou beef noodle has a history of 102 years and is known for its (taste) beef, soup and noodles.tasty考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语，修饰名词beef，故应填
7、形容词tasty“美味的，可口的”。.单句改错6(2019昆明检测)We shared a moment of cosplay and happy. I even danced with the crowd. happyhappiness考查名词。由“happy”前的“and”可知，此处与cosplay(动漫角色扮演，名词)为并列结构，词性应相同，所以把happy改为happiness。7(2019湖北八校第一次联考)First, we can visit our relatives and friends or spend a happily time with our family. ha
8、ppilyhappy考查形容词。根据该句中的名词time可知，修饰该名词，应用形容词。句意：首先，我们能拜访我们的亲朋好友，或者和家人一起度过快乐的时光。8(2019山东潍坊一模)After all, doing exercise is a good way to keep health. healthhealthy句意：毕竟，锻炼是保持健康的好办法。错误处应该用形容词而非名词作keep的表语，故将health改为healthy。(一)合成法合成词是由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词的构词方式(有的合成词中间需加连字符)。合成词的词义可以根据各个组成部分的意思加以推断。构成合成词的几个词可以是词
9、性相同的词也可以是词性不同的词。高中阶段常见的合成形式有：合成名词notebook笔记本；classroom教室；blackboard黑板；teamwork配合；spaceship宇宙飞船；woodcut木刻合成形容词lifelong毕生的；secondhand二手的；manmade人工的；widespread广泛的合成动词underline画底线标出；whitewash粉饰；broadcast广播；download下载(二)转化法不增加任何成分，不改变词形，把一个单词由一种词性转化为另外一种词性的构词法叫转化法。高中阶段常见的转化形式有：名词动词button纽扣button扣上纽扣形容词动词
10、correct正确的correct改正动词名词feed喂养feed一餐，一顿形容词名词native本地的native本地人副词动词up在上面up提高(三)派生法考点一形容词加ly变为副词的规律单句语法填空1The boy ran quickly(quick)to school.2“Whats that？” Father shouted angrily(angry)3The little girl is extremely(extreme)eager to know the result of the exam.4Your composition is badly(bad)organized.P
11、lease do your writing exercise more attentively(attend)next time.1一般情况加ly。如：realreally；carefulcarefully；politepolitely；quickquickly2“辅音字母y”结尾的，将y改为ily。如：angryangrily；busybusily；heavyheavily3以ble结尾的，将ble改为bly。如：probableprobably；possiblepossibly4个别单词，去掉e再加ly。如：truetruly5以ic结尾的，加ally。如：basicbasically；e
12、nergeticenergetically注意有的名词ly形容词，如：friendfriendly；daydaily考点二动词/名词变形容词的常见后缀.单句语法填空1He is rather selfish(self) so that nobody prefers to have a talk with him.2The good working condition in the factory is attractive(attract)3He is reliable(rely) so you can depend on him.4They are nervous(nerve) about
13、their first trip abroad.5The flower is harmful(harm) to our health.单句改错6Most people nowadays are so busy with their lives that they do not have time to enjoy a healthy and balance diet.balancebalanced7I dont think it a reason practice for them to behave that way in our society.reasonreasonable后缀例词ab
14、leacceptacceptable可接受的comfortcomfortable舒适的fashionfashionable时髦的suitsuitable合适的reasonreasonable有道理的almusicmusical音乐的originoriginal最初的personpersonal个人的；私人的centercentral中央的；中心的naturenatural自然的；天生的fuldoubtdoubtful怀疑的forgetforgetful健忘的harmharmful有害的hopehopeful有希望的peacepeaceful和平的ibleaccessaccessible容易取得的horrorhorrible可怕的；恐怖的terrorterrible可怕的iveactactive积极的；活跃的effecteffective有效的；生效的attractattractive有吸引力的impressimpressive给人深刻印象的ouscontinuecontinuous不断的；持续的anxietyanxious忧虑的cautioncautious十分小心的；谨慎的curiositycurious好奇的humorhumorous幽默的sometiretiresome令人厌倦的trouble
