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1、E-commerceLectureOutlineIntroductiontoE-commerceComponentsofE-commerceE-commerceBusinessesChallengesandOpportunitiesinE-commerceFutureofE-commerce目录01IntroductiontoE-commerceE-commerce，即电子商务，是指通过互联网、移动设备等技术手段进行的商业活动。定义电子商务改变了传统商业模式，为消费者和企业提供了更便捷、高效的交易方式。概述DefinitionandOverview20世纪90年代初，电子商务出现，以静态网页展
2、示产品信息。起始阶段发展阶段成熟阶段20世纪90年代末至21世纪初，电子商务平台兴起，在线购物逐渐普及。21世纪中期至今，移动支付、社交电商、跨境电商等多元化模式涌现。030201EvolutionofE-commerceB2B(Business-to-Business)：企业与企业之间的电子商务，如阿里巴巴。B2C(Business-to-Consumer)：企业与个人之间的电子商务，如京东、天猫。C2C(Consumer-to-Consumer)：个人与个人之间的电子商务，如淘宝、闲鱼。O2O(Online-to-Offline)：线上与线下结合的电子商务，如美团、饿了么。01020304
3、TypesofE-commerce02ComponentsofE-commerceTransactionsbetweenbusinesses,e.g.,wholesalersandretailers.B2B(Business-to-Business)Transactionsbetweenbusinessesandindividualcustomers.B2C(Business-to-Consumer)Transactionsbetweenindividuals,e.g.,auctionsites.C2C(Consumer-to-Consumer)Transactionsbetweenbusin
4、essesandgovernmententities.B2G(Business-to-Government)BusinessModelsMajorformofonlinepayment,processedthroughsecuregateways.CreditcardsPopularonlinepaymentmethod,allowspaymentsfrommultiplesources.PayPalMobilepaymentmethodslikeApplePay,GoogleWallet.DigitalwalletsBitcoin,Ethereum,etc.,usedforsecure,de
5、centralizedtransactions.CryptocurrenciesPaymentMethodsDeliveryandLogisticsIn-storepickupCustomerspickuptheirordersatphysicalstores.HomedeliveryGoodsaredeliveredtocustomershomesorspecifiedaddresses.Third-partylogisticsprovidersCompanieshandlefulfillmentanddeliverylogistics.Same-daydeliveryDeliveriesm
6、adeonthesamedaytheorderisplaced.ABCDSecurityandTrustEncryptionSecuringsensitivedataduringtransmissionusingencryptionmethods.TrustedthirdpartiesAuthenticationandverificationservicesprovidedbytrustedentities.Securesocketslayer(SSL)Protocolforsecurecommunicationoverinternetprotocols.Consumerprotectionl
7、awsGovernmentregulationstoprotectconsumersinterests.Simple,intuitive,andeasy-to-navigateinterfaces.UserinterfacedesignEffectivesearchtoolstohelpcustomersfindproductseasily.SearchfunctionalityTailoredexperiencesbasedoncustomerpreferencesandbehaviors.PersonalizationEffectivechannelsforcustomerstogethe
8、lpandresolveissues.CustomerserviceUserExperience03E-commerceBusinessesMarketplaceAmazonAlibabaeBayMarketplaceAnexampleofamarketplacethatallowsthird-partysellerstolisttheirproductsandselltoalargecustomerbase.AglobalmarketplacethatconnectsChinesesupplierswithinternationalbuyers.Aplatformthatallowsindi
9、vidualsandsmallbusinessestobuyandsellgoods.Aplatformthatbringstogetherbuyersandsellerstofacilitatetransactions.Businessesthatsellproductsonlinedirectlytoconsumers.OnlineRetailersNikeAppleWarbyParkerAnexampleofanonlineretailerthatsellssportsapparelandfootwear.Acompanythatsellsitsproductsthroughitsonl
10、inestoreandphysicalstores.Anonlineretailerthatsellsprescriptioneyewear.OnlineRetailersDigitalServicesProvidersBusinessesthatprovidedigitalservicessuchasstreamingmedia,software,andcloudcomputing.Astreamingmediaservicethatoffersmovies,TVshows,andoriginalcontent.Asoftwarecompanythatprovidescreativeandm
11、arketingsoftwaretools.AcloudcomputingcompanythatoffersOffice365andAzurecloudservices.NetflixAdobeMicrosoftDigitalServicesProvidersSubscriptionServicesBusinessesthatofferproductsorservicesonasubscriptionbasis.NetflixAvideostreamingservicethatallowssubscriberstowatchmovies,TVshows,andoriginalcontenton
12、demandforamonthlyfee.DollarShaveClubAsubscriptionservicethatdeliversrazors,shavingcream,andothergroomingproductstomembersonamonthlybasis.SpotifyAmusicstreamingservicethatoffersunlimitedaccesstomillionsofsongsforamonthlyfee.SubscriptionServicesCrowdfundingandPeertoPeerE-Commerce:Businessesthatfacilit
13、atetransactionsbetweenindividualsorgroupsseekingfundingandindividualsorbusinesseswillingtoprovideit.CrowdfundingandPeertoPeerE-CommerceGoFundMeAcrowdfundingplatformthatallowsindividualsorgroupstoraisefundsforpersonalcausesorcharitableprojects.KickstarterAcrowdfundingplatformthatallowsindividualsorgr
14、oupstoraisefundsforcreativeprojects.AirbnbApeertopeere-commerceplatformthatallowsindividualstorentouttheirhomesorroomstotravelers.CrowdfundingandPeertoPeerE-Commerce04ChallengesandOpportunitiesinE-commerceSmalle-commercebusinessesfacecompetitionfromlargeplatformslikeAmazonandAlibaba,whichhavesignifi
15、cantmarketshareandresources.Competitionwithlargee-commerceplatformsWithsomanye-commerceoptionsavailable,itcanbechallengingforsmalle-commercebusinessestostandoutandattractcustomers.DifficultyinattractingcustomersMeetingwithGiantsLogisticsmanagementEffectivelogisticsmanagementiscrucialforensuringtimel
16、ydeliveryofproductstocustomers.Smalle-commercebusinessesmayfacechallengesinmanagingtheirlogisticsefficiently.InventorymanagementManaginginventoryeffectivelytoavoidstockoutsoroverstockingcanbechallenging,especiallyforsmalle-commercebusinesses.ManagingtheSupplyChainCreatingauniquebrandidentityDistinguishingoneselffromcompetitorsthroughauniquebrandidentityisessentialintheonlinespace.PromotingthebrandeffectivelyUtilizingvariousmarketingchannelstopromotethebrandandincreaseawarenessamongpotentialcusto
