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1、2022年考博英语-沈阳药科大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题This focus on rote memorization can be _ to cultivating strong creative thinkers or coming up with their own way of doing things.问题1选项A.detrimentalB.conduciveC.confidentialD.perceptual【答案】A【解析】考查上下文语义。A选项detrimental“不利的；有害的”；B选项conducive“有益的；有助于”；C选项confiden
2、tial“机密的；表示信任的”；D选项perceptual“感知的；有知觉的”。句意：专注于死记硬背，对于培养具有强大的创造性思维思考者是_的，对于形成他们自己的做事方式也是_的。想培养创造性思维不能只死记硬背，A选项detrimental“不利的；有害的”符合语境。因此，本题最佳选项为A。2. 翻译题Man, said Aristotle, is a social animal. This sociability requires peaceful congregation, and the history of mankind is mainly a movement through ti
3、me of human collectivities that range from migrant tribal bands to large and complex civilizations. Survival has been due to the ability to create the means by which men in groups retain their unity and allegiance to one another.Order was caused by the need and desire to survive the challenge of the
4、 environment. This orderly condition called the “state”, and the rules that maintained it, the “law”. With time the partner to this tranquility, man marched across the centuries of his evolution to the brink of exploring the boundaries of his own galaxy. Of all living organisms, only man has the cap
5、acity to interpret his own evolution as progress. As social life changed, the worth and rights of each member in the larger group, of which he was a part, increased. As the groups grew from clans to civilizations, the value of the individual did not diminish, but became instead a guide to the rules
6、that govern all men.【答案】亚里士多德说过，人是一种社会性动物。这种社会性要求人类和平的聚集，而人类历史主要是人类集体跨越时间的运动，从迁徙的部落到大而复杂的文明。人类能够生存下来是因为有创造各种手段的能力，通过这些手段，群体中的人们能够保持团结以及对彼此的忠诚。在环境的挑战中生存下来的需要和渴望带来了秩序。这种有序的状态叫作“国家”，而维持这种状态的规则叫作“法律”。随着时间平静地流逝，人类走过了几个世纪的进化历程，即将探索自身群体的边界。在所有的生物中，只有人类有能力把自身的演变解释为进步。随着社会生活的变化，大群体中每个成员的价值和权力都在增加。随着群体从氏族发展到文
7、明，个人的价值并没有减少，而是变成了统治所有人的规则指南。3. 单选题According to the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), car crashes are the leading cause of death among children _51_ 5 and 14 years of age. Says NHTSA: “Over 50% of children who die in crashes are _52_ by safety devices. _53_, 4 out of 5 chi
8、ldren are improperly restrained.”The NHTSA offers a number of safety tips and _54_ for those who are accompanied by children while driving. Although laws _55_ from country to country and even from state to state, these guidelines may _56_ food for thought to many parents and guardians of children. P
9、lease check your local laws and do _57_ you can to keep your precious baby safe.The safest place for all children is in the back seat. Infants should be _58_ in a rear-facing safety seat in the backseat of the car. A child at least a year old and _59_ at least 20 pounds may be placed in a forward-fa
10、cing seat. At 40 pounds, the child can use a “booster seat”, which is secured by one of the cars lap and shoulder _60_. At approximately 80 pounds and a height of about four feet nine inches, the child may begin using an adult safety belt.问题1选项A.atB.betweenC.forD.about问题2选项A.boundB.undefinedC.unrest
11、rainedD.inhibited问题3选项A.Of courseB.On contraryC.NeverthelessD.In addition问题4选项A.cautionsB.formsC.notesD.concept问题5选项A.workB.varyC.enforceD.affect问题6选项A.give wayB.differ fromC.serve asD.deal with问题7选项A.whateverB.whicheverC.thatD.which问题8选项A.tiedB.stuckC.surroundedD.placed问题9选项A.weightB.weightedC.weig
12、hD.weighing问题10选项A.stripesB.beltsC.ribbonsD.bows【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:D第4题:A第5题:B第6题:C第7题:A第8题:D第9题:D第10题:B【解析】51.【选项释义】A. at在几岁时 B. between在之间C. for给；为了；因为；就而言 D. about 关于；大约【考查点】固定搭配【解题思路】由空格后“5 and 14 years of age”中的and可知，本题考查的是固定搭配betweenand“在之间”，此处指5至14岁。【干扰项排除】A选项“在5岁和14岁”，虽然语法上没有错误，但没有“5至14岁”符合语境
13、；C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应的逻辑关系。【句意】车祸是5至14岁儿童死亡的主要原因。52. 【选项释义】A. bound 约束，限制 B. undefined 不明确的；未下定义的C. unrestrained 没有被限制的 D. inhibited 禁止的【考查点】上下文语义【解题思路】本题所在句解释车祸中去世的儿童的死因。空格后by safety devices“被安全设备”，根据常识，儿童在车祸中死亡应该是没有使用安全设备，C选项“没有被安全设备限制”，是死亡原因，符合语义。另外，本题后一句中improperly restrained（限制不当）也提示我们本题应该填入unrest
14、rained。【干扰项排除】A选项“被安全设备限制”，这样会更安全，而不那么容易死亡，属于反向干扰。B、D选项均不符合语义。【句意】死于车祸的儿童中超过50%没有使用安全装置。53. 【选项释义】A. Of course 当然 B. On contrary 相反C. Nevertheless 然而 D. In addition 此外【考查点】句间逻辑【解题思路】本题前一句说“死于车祸的儿童中超过50%没有使用安全装置”，本题后一句说“五分之四的儿童没有正确的使用安全装置”，两句之间语义方向一致，是递进关系，D选项In addition“此外”可以表达递进的逻辑关系，符合语境。【干扰项排除】A选
15、项“当然”，表示强调；B选项“相反”，表达对立的逻辑关系；C选项“然而”，表达转折的逻辑关系。【句意】此外，五分之四的儿童没有正确的使用安全装置54. 【选项释义】A. cautions 注意事项 B. forms 表格C. notes 注释，说明 D. concept 概念，观念【考查点】句间逻辑【解题思路】根据空格前and提示，空格处所填词与safety tips“安全贴士”并列，A选项“注意事项”可与之构成并列关系；另外两者都是由美国国家高速公路安全管理局提出的，A选项“注意事项”符合语境。【干扰项排除】B、C、D三个选项不能与“安全贴士”构成符合逻辑的并列关系，并且也不符合由美国国家公路交通安全管理局提出的语境。【句意】美国国家公路交通安全管理局为那些带着小孩驾驶的人提供了一些安
