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1、2022年考博英语-四川农业大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题Statistics regarding cigarette smoking are anything but encouraging. The Federal Trade Commission recently announced that in 1990 Americans purchased 628.2 billion cigarettes, an appallingly greater number than ever before. The average smoker consumed 11633 ci
2、garettes, of which 44.8 percent were low-tar cigarettes containing less than 15 milligrams of tar. In 1968 the average tar content was 22 milligrams.Despite the fact that every cigarette pack has a printed warning from the Surgeon General, those who still smoke are smoking more heavily. Many people
3、have forsworn smoking in fear of lung cancer. The American Cancer Society reports that death rates from lung cancer have escalated, whereas those for other major cancers have leveled off or declined. Last year 111000 Americans died of lung cancer, while it is estimated that 117000 will succumb this
4、year. Lung cancer heads the list in killing 35 percent of males who die from cancer. Lung cancer accounts for 17 percent of womens cancer deaths. An estimated 440000 deaths from cancer will occur this year, 9000 more than previous year. Lung cancer accounts for two thirds of the increase. Although m
5、any cancer patients have survived the disease, the prognosis for lung cancer patients is most disheartening. Ninety-one percent of all diagnosed cases of lung cancer do not survive.1. From the passage, we can infer that low-tar cigarettes _.2. We can infer from the first paragraph that average smoke
6、rs smoke _.3. It is predicted that the number of deaths from lung cancer this year will be _.4. The percentage of womens lung cancer deaths is _.5. We may infer from the passage that lung cancer _.问题1选项A.reduce the dangers of smokingB.appeal to a majority of smokersC.cause lung cancerD.have the Surg
7、eon Generals approval问题2选项A.less than they did in the pastB.more than they did in the pastC.the same as they did in the pastD.none of the above问题3选项A.reduced from the number last yearB.the same as the number last yearC.6000 more than last yearD.111000问题4选项A.equal to that of mens lung cancer deathsB.
8、rising annuallyC.about half the percentage of mens cancer deathsD.an indication that women are not susceptible to lung cancer问题5选项A.can be treated effectivelyB.is incurableC.will cause cigarettes to be taken off the marketD.currently has no infallible cure【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:C第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.客观细节题。A选项
9、“减少了吸烟的危险性”，由原文The American Cancer Society reports that death rates from lung cancer have escalated, whereas those for other major cancers have leveled off or declined.（美国癌症协会报告称，肺癌的死亡率已经上升，而其他主要癌症的死亡率则趋于稳定或下降。）可知，吸烟的风险很高，会提升肺癌的死亡率，所以A错误。B选项“对大多数吸烟者有吸引力”，由原文The average smoker consumed 11633 cigarett
10、es, of which 44.8 percent were low-tar cigarettes containing less than 15 milligrams of tar.（吸烟者平均消费11633支香烟，其中44.8%是焦油含量低于15毫克的低焦油香烟。）可知，44.8%不是大多数吸烟者，所以B错误。D选项“得到了卫生局局长的批准”，由原文every cigarette pack has a printed warning from the Surgeon General（每个香烟包装上都印有卫生局局长的警告）可知，卫生局局长不赞成吸烟，所以D错误。C选项“导致肺癌”，由原文Ma
11、ny people have forsworn smoking in fear of lung cancer.（许多人因为害怕肺癌而发誓不再吸烟。）可知，吸烟会导致肺癌，C选项符合原文，所以本题选C。2.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第二句The Federal Trade Commission recently announced that in 1990 Americans purchased 628.2 billion cigarettes, an appallingly greater number than ever before.（联邦贸易委员会最近宣布，1990年美国人购
12、买了6282亿支香烟，这个数字比以往任何时候都要高得惊人。），说明吸烟者的吸烟量比过去高得多。因此B选项“比过去多”正确。A选项“比过去少”，C选项“和过去相同”，D选项“以上都不是”均不符合原文，所以A, C, D错误。3.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第四句Last year 111000 Americans died of lung cancer, while it is estimated that 117000 will succumb this year.（去年有111000名美国人死于肺癌，而据估计今年将有117000人死亡。），说明今年死于肺癌的人数将比去年多6000人
13、。因此C选项“比去年多6000人”正确。A选项“比去年的人数减少”，B选项“与去年的人数相同”，D选项“111000人”均不符合原文，所以A, B, D错误。4.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第五、六句Lung cancer heads the list in killing 35 percent of males who die from cancer. Lung cancer accounts for 17 percent of womens cancer deaths.（在死于癌症的男性中，有35%死于肺癌。肺癌占女性癌症死亡人数的17%。），说明女性肺癌死亡的比例约占男性癌症死
14、亡比例的一半。因此C选项“大约是男性癌症死亡比例的一半”正确。A选项“与男性肺癌死亡的比例相当”不符合原文，所以A错误。B选项“每年都在上升”，D选项“说明女性不容易患肺癌”在文中没有提及，所以B, D错误。5.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段最后一句Ninety-one percent of all diagnosed cases of lung cancer do not survive.（91%的肺癌确诊病例无法存活。），说明现在的医疗水平无法治愈肺癌。因此D选项“目前没有无懈可击的治疗方法”正确。A选项“可以被有效地治疗”，B选项“是不治之症”不符合原文，所以A, B错误。C选
15、项“将导致香烟退出市场”在文中没有提及，所以C错误。2. 单选题I made a pledge to myself on the way down to the vacation beach cottage. For two weeks I would try to be a loving husband and father. Totally loving. No ifs, ands or buts.The idea had come to me as I listened to a talk on my car radio. The speaker was quoting a Biblical (圣经的) passage about husbands being thoughtful of their wives. Then he went on to say, “Love is an act of will. A person can choose to love.” To myself, I had to admit that I had been a selfish husband. Well, for two weeks that would change.And it did. Right from the moment I kiss
