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1、 农业农药直接注入系统类别归纳使用喷雾机管道体系外部的动力,依据喷雾机的跋涉速度来调理农药的写入量,经过喷雾机管道体系内混合液浓度的改变,抵达单位面积上农药的用量稳定。按农药写入量调理方法的不一样,农药直接写入体系又可分为压缩空气直接写入体系和变容积泵直接写入体系。The use of power sprayer pipeline system outside, write to regulate pesticide spray machine according to trek speed, after spraying machine pipeline system in mixed li
2、quor concentration change, quantity stability in unit area of pesticide. According to the amount of pesticide in conditioning methods are not the same, pesticide system direct writing can be divided into compressed air directly into the system and a variable volume pump directly into the system.1.1压
3、缩空气直接写入体系1.1 compressed air directly into the system压缩空气直接写入体系的混药设备由2个液箱、2个变面积流量计和1个压缩空气灌组成。2个液箱别离是药箱和水箱,2个变面积流量计别离是丈量农药与水的流量,压缩空气罐则是用来给2个液箱供给稳定的压力。喷雾作业时,操作人员经过调理2个液箱内的空气压力来调理水和农药的流量,当2个变面积流量计别离测出的流量契合指定的标准时即可。Compressed air directly into the mixing equipment system consists of 2 tanks, 2 variable a
4、rea flowmeter and 1 compressed air. The 2 tank are kits and water tank, 2 variable area flowmeter are pesticides and water measurement flow, compressed air tank is used to give the 2 liquid supply stable pressure box. Spraying operation, the operator through the adjustment of 2 liquid tank air press
5、ure to regulate water and pesticide flow, when the 2 variable area flowmeter were measured with the specified criteria can flow.1.2变容积泵直接写入体系1.2 variable volume pump directly into the system20世纪80年代中期,由美国开发的Mid-West Technology CC I-2000 型直接写入体系的混药设备就是变容积泵直接写入体系。该体系具有独立的药箱和水箱,由与喷雾机跋涉速度成正比的变容积泵使定量的农药进
6、入主水管道,与来自水箱的水混合,再经喷雾泵输入喷雾主管。因为水药分置,与传统的喷雾机比较,该体系具有操作简洁、节省用药、保护环境等长处。Nineteen eighties metaphase, developed by the United States Mid-West Technology CC I-2000 directly into the mixing equipment system is a variable volume pump directly into the system. The system is independent from the medicine ches
7、t and water tank, variable volume pump and proportional to the travel speed sprayer enable quantitative pesticides into the main water pipe, mixed with water from the water reservoir, and then spray pump input spray head. Because water medicine division, compared with traditional spray machine, this
8、 system has simple operation, medicine saving, protect environment and so on.1.3其他喷雾混药设备1.3 other spray mixing equipment国外的许多专家学者在混药设备方面做了一些研讨,也得到了一些明显的效果。如Larson等研发了实验用喷雾机,该喷雾机可以依据拖拉机的跋涉速度,经过计量泵按份额调理农药写入水流的写入量。Reichard和Ladd研发了实验用在线混合喷雾机,这种喷雾机不论拖拉机的跋涉速度怎么,只经过计量泵调理适宜的农药量使其与水流混合,水与农药按必定份额混合后抵达喷嘴,当拖拉机抵
9、达地头时,因为速度下降,农药与水的流量将按份额减小。1994年,Ghate和Phatak完成了压缩空气直接写入体系的描绘。该体系可以准确丈量喷雾机的跋涉速度,并增加了调理药箱压力的调压阀,依据此信号,经过操控调理阀的开度,调理药箱内的压力,然后调理农药写入喷雾机管道体系的写入量,抵达农药浓度与跋涉速度成份额改变。水流量稳定,农药浓度随跋涉速度同步改变,因而单位面积上农药用量就可以稳定。1998年,Koo Y M将总流量操控和农药直接写入技能相结合,开发了一套直接写入总流量操控体系。该体系随喷雾机的跋涉速度同步调理水流量和农药的写入量,因而农药浓度坚持不变;因为总流量与喷雾机跋涉速度成正比改变,
10、因而不只单位面积上农药用量稳定,并且单位面积上的喷雾总量也稳定10。Steward等对于Raven SCS-700农药写入体系研讨了操控子体系的数学模型,并用模型进行操控呼应猜测,展开流量与阀有关参数的联系、操控器动态功能和稳定性研讨等11。Gillis等展开了为根据机器视觉的农药喷雾机中的农药在线写入体系研讨12-13,Slaughter等开发了侧向除草剂喷雾机上装备农药直接写入体系14,该体系可以完成准确对靶施药。Many foreign experts and scholars have done some research on the mixing equipment, also o
11、btained some significant results. Such as Larson developed by spraying machine experiment, the sprayer can be based on the tractor travel speed, through the metering pump according to share conditioning pesticide write flow. Reichard and Ladd developed by on-line mixing sprayer experiment, how the s
12、pray machine regardless of tractor travel speed, only through the metering pump conditioning the amount of pesticide suitable and the water mixing, water and pesticide according to a certain share of mixed after arriving in the nozzle, when the tractor arrived in the head, because the speed of decli
13、ne, pesticide and water flow according to the share reduction. In 1994, Ghate and Phatak complete compressed air directly into the system description. The system can accurately measure the sprayer travel speed, and the increase of conditioning tank pressure regulating valve, according to the signal,
14、 after the opening of the control valve, regulating tank pressure, volume and then write write conditioning pesticide sprayer pipeline system, arrived in the pesticide concentration with the journey speed component amount change. The water flow is stable, pesticide concentration along the trek synch
15、ronous speed change, so the unit area of pesticides can be stable. In 1998, Koo Y M total flow control and pesticide directly into the combination of skills, develop a set of written directly to the total flow control system. Write the system with the sprayer travel speed synchronous regulating wate
16、r flow and pesticide, and pesticide concentrations remained unchanged; because the journey speed rate and sprayer is proportional to the change, so not only in unit area and total dosage of pesticide, spray on unit area is also stable 10. Steward for Raven SCS-700 pesticide writing system mathematical model of the control system, and control speculation about echo model, parameters of flow and valve connection, the manipulator dynamic funct
