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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上SBR污水处理工艺摘要：近几年来，随着我国经济的迅速发展，对环境所造成的污染也不断加剧。因此，污水处理厂日益加重。现今，污水处理有AB法、SBR法、A2O法、UASB法等工艺。一、SBR工艺SBR是一种间歇式的活性泥泥系统，其基本特征是在一个反应池内完成污水的生化反应、固液分离、排水、排泥。可通过双池或多池组合运行实现连续进出水。SBR通过对反应池曝气量和溶解氧的控制而实现不同的处理目标，具有很大的灵活性。SBR池通常每个周期运行4-6小时，当出现雨水高峰流量时，SBR系统就从正常循环自动切换至雨水运行模式，通过调整其循环周期，以适应来水量的变化。SBR系统通常能够承
2、受3-5倍旱流量的冲击负荷。二、SBR工艺具有以下特点：（1）SBR工艺流程简单、管理方便、造价低。SBR工艺只有一个反应器，不需要二沉池，不需要污泥回流设备，一般情况下也不需要调节池，因此要比传统活性污泥工艺节省基建投资30%以上，而且布置紧凑，节省用地。由于科技进步，目前自动控制已相当成熟、配套。这就使得运行管理变得十分方便、灵活，很适合小城市采用。（2）处理效果好。SBR工艺反应过程是不连续的，是典型的非稳态过程，但在曝气阶段其底物和微生物浓度变化是连续的(尽管是处于完全混合状态中)，随时间的延续而逐渐降低。反应器内活性污泥处于一种交替的吸附、吸收及生物降解和活化的变化过程之中，因此处理
3、效果好。（3）有很好的除磷脱氮效果。SBR工艺可以很容易地交替实现好氧、缺氧、厌氧的环境，并可以通过改变曝气量、反应时间等方面来创造条件提高除磷脱氮效率。 （4）污泥沉降性能好。SBR工艺具有的特殊运行环境抑制了污泥中丝状菌的生长，减少了污泥膨胀的可能。同时由于SBR工艺的沉淀阶段是在静止的状态下进行的，因此沉淀效果更好。 （5）SBR工艺独特的运行工况决定了它能很好的适应进水水量、水质波动。三、污水处理1.格栅格栅由一组平行的金属栅条或筛网制成，安装在污水管道、泵房集水井的进口处或污水处理厂的端部，用以截留较大的悬浮物或漂浮物，以便减轻后续处理构筑物的处理负荷，并使之正常运行。2. 曝气沉砂
4、池曝气沉砂池是一长形渠道，沿渠壁一侧的整个长度方向，距池底60-90cm处安设曝气装置，在其下部设集砂斗，池底有i=0.1-0.5的坡度，以保证砂粒滑入。由于曝气作用，废水中有机颗粒经常处于悬浮状态，砂粒互相摩擦并承受曝气的剪切力，砂粒上附着的有机污染物能够去除，有利于取得较为纯净的砂粒。 在旋流的离心力作用下，这些密度较大的砂粒被甩向外部沉入集砂槽，而密度较小的有机物随水流向前流动被带到下一处理单元。另外，在水中曝气可脱臭，改善水质，有利于后续处理，还可起到预曝气作用。3. 厌氧池为了使管渠和构筑物正常工作，不受废水高峰流量或浓度变化的影响，需在废水处理设施之前设置调节池。对于有些反应，如厌
5、氧反应对水质、水量和冲击负荷较为敏感，所以对于工业废水适当尺寸的调节池，对水质、水量的调节是厌氧反应稳定运行的保证。调节池的作用是均质和均量，一般还可考虑兼有沉淀、混合、加药、中和和预酸化等功能。4. SBR反应池SBR法具有比其他好氧处理法效果好，占地面积小，投资省。SBR是序批式间歇活性污泥法的简称。该工艺由按一定时间顺序间歇操作运行的反应器组成。 其运行操作在空间上是按序排列、间歇的。污水连续按顺序进入每个池，SBR 反应器的运行操作在时间上也是按次序排列的。SBR工艺的一个完整的操作过程，也就是每个间歇反应器在处理废水时的操作过程，包括进水期、反应期、沉淀期、排水排泥期、闲置期五个阶段
6、。这种操作周期是周而复始进行的，以达到不断进行污水处理的目的。对于单个的SBR 反应器来说,在时间上的有效控制和变换，即达到多种功能的要求，非常灵活。5. 接触消毒池城市污水经过一级或二级处理后，水质改善，细菌含量也大幅度减少，但其绝对值仍很可观，并有存在病源菌的可能。因此，污水排入水体前应进行消毒，特别是医院、生物制品以及屠宰场等有致病菌污染的污水，更应严格消毒。四、结束语总之,保证市政给排水工程的施工质量对城市的正常运转、城市功能的充分发挥、道路的恢复情况、汛期的安全等都有着至关重要的作用,只有加强每一个环节的质量控制与管理,才能防止各种质量通病的发生,提升市政排水管道工程的施工质量。On
7、e , SBR processSBR is an intermittent activity clay system , its basic features are completed in a reaction tank effluent biochemical reactions , solid-liquid separation , drainage, mud . Pool or pond can be a combination of double continuous running out of water. SBR reaction tank through aeration
8、and dissolved oxygen control and achieve different treatment goals, with great flexibility. SBR tank usually runs 4-6 hours each cycle , the peak flow occurs when rainwater , SBR system will automatically switch from the normal circulation to the rainwater run mode , by adjusting its cycle , in orde
9、r to adapt to changes in the water . SBR system is usually able to withstand shock loads 3-5 times drought traffic.Two , SBR process has the following characteristics:(1) SBR process is simple , easy to manage , low cost . SBR process is only one reactor , no secondary sedimentation tank , no sludge
10、 return equipment , under normal circumstances do not need to adjust the pool , thus saving than conventional activated sludge process infrastructure investment by more than 30 %, and the compact layout , save land . Due to advances in technology, the current automatic control has been quite mature,
11、 supporting . This makes the operation and management has become very convenient and flexible , it is suitable for small cities to adopt .Good ( 2 ) treatment effect. SBR process is not continuous reaction process , is typical of non- steady state process , but in the aeration phase change its subst
12、rate and microbial concentrations are continuous ( albeit in a completely mixed state ) , with the continuity of time and gradually reduced. Activated sludge reactor in an alternating adsorption , absorption and biological degradation and changes in the activation process, and therefore good effect
13、.( 3 ) have a good effect of phosphorus and nitrogen removal . SBR process can be easily achieved alternating aerobic , anoxic , anaerobic environment , and by changing the amount of aeration , reaction time and other aspects to create conditions to improve the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus
14、removal .( 4 ) good sludge settling properties. Special operating environment SBR process has inhibited the growth of filamentous bacteria in sludge , reducing the possibility of sludge bulking . And because the precipitation stage SBR process is carried out in the stationary state , and therefore b
15、etter sedimentation effect .(5) SBR process unique operating conditions determined adapts well to water quantity, water quality fluctuations.Three , Sewage1 grillGrille consists of a set of parallel metal fences or screen made of installed sewers , pumping stations at the inlet ends sump or sewage t
16、reatment plants for retention of suspended solids or larger floating debris , in order to reduce processing load subsequent processing structures , and make it function properly.2 aerated grit chamberAerated grit chamber is an elongated channel along the entire length of the canal wall on one side , 60-90cm from the bottom of the install aeration device , located in t
