《2022年考博英语-北京航空航天大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解15》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年考博英语-北京航空航天大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解15（37页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、2022年考博英语-北京航空航天大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 写作题Some universities and colleges in China require their PhD students to publish research papers in English. Write an essay of no less than 150 words about your opinion on this requirements.【答案】Publishing Papers in English Benefit Students2. 单选题Is language, l
2、ike food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and damaged? Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick I in the thirteenth century, it may be hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to
3、 keep silent.All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.Today no such severe lack exists as that or
4、dered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring s
5、kills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at right time, but the process is slow and hard once the critical stage has passed.Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases wher
6、e speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes bowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. At three he knows abou
7、t 1,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in born with the capacity to speak. What is special about mans brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-be
8、ar with the sound pattern “toy-bear”. And even more incredible is the young brains ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.But speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction bet
9、ween the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals in the childs babbling, grasping and smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the
10、childs non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.1.The purpose of Frederick Is experiment was（ ）.2.The reason that some children are backward in speaking is most likely that（ ）3.What is particularly remarkable about a child is that（ ）.4.Which of the following can be i
11、nferred from the passage?5.If a child starts to speak later than others, he will（ ）in future.问题1选项A.to prove that children are born with ability to speakB.to discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speakC.to find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a chi
12、ld to speakD.to prove that a child could be damaged without learning a language问题2选项A.they are incapable of learning language rapidlyB.they are exposed to too much language at onceC.their mothers respond inadequately to their attempts to speakD.their mothers are not intelligent enough to help them问题
13、3选项A.he is born with the capacity to speakB.he has a brain more complex than an animalsC.he can produce his own sentencesD.he owes his speech ability to good nursing问题4选项A.The faculty of speech is inborn in man.B.The childs brain is highly selective.C.Most children learn their language in definite s
14、tages.D.All the above问题5选项A.have a high IQB.be less intelligentC.be insensitive to verbal signalsD.not necessarily be backward【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:C第4题:D第5题:D【解析】1.根据题干关键词“Frederick Is experiment”定位至第一段：it may be hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told
15、 the nurses to keep silent （他让护士们保持沉默，这也许是为了发现如果没有听到母语，孩子会说什么语言）。因此，B选项正确。2.根据题干关键词“children are backward in speaking”定位至第三段：most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant （最常见的原因是母亲对婴儿发出的信号不敏感。），因此C选项正确。3.第四段指出：even more incredible is the young brains ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways（更令人难以置信的是，年轻的大脑能够从周围声音的混合中挑出语言的顺序，以新的方式分析、组合和重组语言的各个部分）。因此C选项“他可以组成自己的句子”正确。4.文章第四段第三句指出：at four his language differs from that of his parents
