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1、不定冠词和定冠词的用法一、不定冠词的用法(1 )不定冠词有a和an两种：a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an用于元音音素开 头的词前。例如：aboy,acity,agirl,ausefulanimal,anoldman,anhonestboy, a bad apple, a tal l elephant( 2)用来表示“一”的意思，但不强调数的观念，只说明名词为不特定者。 即不具体说明是何人何物。例如： A teacher is looking for you.We work five days a week.(3 )不定冠词含有“一”的意思，但数量观念没有one强烈，在句子里边一般可以不必译出，
2、但若有“一个”的意思则译出， 例如：An orange is good for you. 桔子对你有好处。( 4)一般用在可数名词单数前，指人或事物的某一种类。例如： Bill is a student.Pass me an apple, please.( 5)用在某些固定词组中。例如： a lot of, a moment ago, a few, a little二、定冠词的用法( 1 ) 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物例如： The book on the desk is mine.Show me the photo of the boy, please.( 2) 指双方都知道的人或事物。例
3、如：Open the door, please.请开门。Did you see the boy? 你看见那个男孩了吗？Whats the new teachers name? 新老师的名字叫什么？（3）指上文提到的人或事物。例如：He lives on a farm. The farm is not big.他住在农场，这农场不大。There are some dogs. The dogs are very lovely.这儿有一些狗。这些狗很可爱。（4）用在世界上独一无二的事物前。例如：The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大些。 但这些名词作为描绘性定语
4、时，可用不定冠词。例如：Look! A red sun is rising.瞧！一轮红日正在升起。（5）用在序数词和形容词最高级前。例如：The first island is the biggest of the three.第一个小岛是三个中最大的。（6）用在用普通名词构成的党派，国家等专有名词以及江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、海峡 海湾等专有名词前。例如： TheywillvisittheGreatWallnextweek.They came to the United States ofAmerica last year. TheCommunistPartyofChinawasfounded
5、onJuly1st,1921. TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.（7 ）用在形容词前表示一类人，the+形容词指的是一群人，是一种复数含义， 所以其后动词应用复数形式。 例如： The old are sick.（ 8）用在姓名复数形式前表示一家人。 例如： TheSmithshavemovedtoLondon.（ 9）用在某些习惯用语中。例如： inthemorning,ontheleft,thedaybeforeyesterday,allthesame三、不用冠词的情况（1）星期、月份、季节节日前一般不用冠词。但是中国传统节日前习惯
6、用冠词。例如：All of us like the spring festival.我们喜欢春节。Its Sunday today. 今天是星期天。He was born on June 12, 1999. 他出生于1999 年 6月 12 日。Today is Fathers Day.今天是父亲节。If winter comes, can spring be far behind?冬天来了，春天还会远吗但是如果被一个限制性定语修饰或有表示继续的介词during, through时与表一段特定 的时间，则在季节前要加定冠词。例如：She came to Shanghai in the spri
7、ng of 1987. 她是一九八七年春天来上海的。The school was completed in the September of 2000.这学校是2000年9月落成的。He swims every day during the summer.他夏天的每一天都游泳。虽不特指某一年的季节，但说话人把某季节看作一年的一部分，即一年的某一时间。 则在季节前要加定冠词。例如： Weplayfootballinthewinter.（2）在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如：Mr. Li is our headmaster.李先生是我们的校长。After lunch Aunt Huang came
8、 in.午饭后黄阿姨来了。（3）各词复数表示一类人或事物时。但若各词复数被一个限制性定语修饰，则 要加定冠词the.例如：I like cakes very much.我非常喜欢蛋糕。My father and mother are the doctors in Peoples Hospital of Shangha（4）在三餐饭，球类运动与棋类游戏，学科名称的名词前。但若表示某一种或某一个特 定的概念时用冠词。例如：He had supper with us yesterday. Its a very good supper. 他昨天和我们吃晚饭，这是一顿丰盛的晚餐。My brother l
9、ikes to play football.我兄弟喜欢踢足球。Lets go and watch them play chess.让我们去看他们下棋。（5）在物质名词，抽象名词，人名，地名等专有名词和不可数名词前.但若可数各词有其它限制词修饰时，则要加定冠词the.例如:Smith is our teacher.史密思是我们的老师。Milk is good for us.牛奶对我们有好处。The waterin the pool is very dirty. 坑里的水很脏。（6）名词前已有作定语的this、that、my、your、some、any、等限定词时例如: Comethisway,p
10、lease.Ivesomequestiontoaskyou. Mybrotherisastudent.词法 冠词专项练习一、选择填空：( ) 1. She is girl. She is English girl.A. a. aB. an .aC. a. .a nD. a./( ) 2. Tom is English. He is English boy.A. an. .anB. /. .anC. /. /D. a. a( ) 3. live in Room 208.A. The GreenB. GreenC. The GreensD. Greens( ) 4. January is firs
11、t month of the year.A. aB. /C. anD. the( ) 5. We should think of old and sick.A. a. .aB. an. aC. the. .theD. /. ./( ) 6. number of the students in our class is 52.A. AB. AnC. TheD. /( ) 7. She can play piano, but she cant play football.A. the. theB. the. /C. /. theD. a. .a( ) 8. There is s in the wo
12、rd six and s is the first letter of the word.A. a. theB. a. .anC. an. theD. a. a( ) 9. A horse is useful animal.A. anB. aC. the( ) 10. He has already worked for hour.A. anB. aC. theD. thisD. three( ) 11. Lucy wants to become ( ) 12. Hainan isislands, isnt it?A. theB. oneC. aD. an( ) 13. What do you
13、usually do afterA. the classB. classC. the classesD. a class( ) 14. Ill have to buytrousers.A. aB. twoC. a pair ofD. pair( ) 15. Ive thrown my old shoes away. Ill have to buyA. a new pairB. a new oneC. some newD. some new pair( ) 16. My uncle told me he was going to visitA. the United StateB. the Un
14、ited States C. United StatesD. United States( ) 17. They failed six times, but they have decided to try .A. seven times B. the seven time C. the seventh time D. seventh time( ) 18. Who are those boys? One is my brother and A. the big boy is Mike B. a big boy is Mike C. the big boy is a Peter D. a bi
15、g boy is aPeter ( ) 19. You will find girl in black. She is teacher.A. a, theB. the, aC. a, aD. the, the( ) 20. birds can fly every high in sky.A. The, theB. The, aC. An, theD. A, the( ) 21. Im not looking at .A. sun B. sky C. the sun D. some sky( ) 22. The little boy wishes to be .( ) 23. have studied English in our school.A. Most of students B. The most students C. Most of the students D. Mo
