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1、Unit3 How do you get to school?一、本单元知识点总结 3 / 71.get to school 到校 2.take the subway 乘地铁 3.take the train 坐火车 4.leave for 到 地方去离开去某地 5.taketo把 带到6. most students 大多数学生 7. depend on 依赖决定于8.fromto从到 9.think of 想到想起 10.ride bikes 骑自行车 11.in other parts of the world 在世界的其他地方 12. how far 多远 13.take the tr
2、ain to school 乘火车去上学 14.in places 在一些地方 15.go to school by boat乘船去上学 16.on the school bus乘坐校车 17.be different from和不同 18.worry about 担忧焦虑担心 19. take sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人某些时间去做某事20.in common 共有，相同 21.travel abroad 去国外旅游22. go down to延续至；走下去 23. most of大多数的24. some of 一些25. bus station 汽车站26.
3、 bus ride乘汽车之行 27. come back 回来28. by boat乘坐小船29. walk to school步行去上学 30. have to不得不二、重点知识详解 1.take +a/an/the+表示交通工具的名词乘去某地是动词短语在句中作谓语。He takes the train. take the subway 乘地铁 take a walk 散步 take a bath 洗个澡 take a rest 休息一会 take a seat 坐下 take some medicine 吃药 2.by+表示交通工具的单数名词或on/in+ a/an/the/ones+表示
4、交通工具的单数名词是介词短语作方式状语。 I get to school by bike. = I get to school on my bike. 3.walk/ride/drive/fly+to+地点名词步行/骑自行车/开车/坐飞机去某地 表示乘交通工具方式可以互换表达相同的意义: Take the bus to school=go to school by bus=go to school on a bus Drive a car to work=go to work by car=go to work in a car Fly to shanghai=go to shanghai b
5、y plane/air=take the/a plane to shanghai=go to shanghai on a/an/the plane. 4.get表示“到达”后接名词需加to接地点副词不加to. reach 表示到达是及物动词其后直接接宾语。 arrive in+大地点 arrive at +小地点 后接副词不需介词。 5. It takes sb some money/time to do sth.花费某人多少时间/钱做某事 Sb pay some money for sth 某人为某物花费多少钱 Sb spend some time/money on sth 某人在做某事或某
6、物上花费时间/钱Sb spend some time/ money (in)doing sth Sth cost sb some money 某物花费某人多少钱 6. How far is it from A to B?=How far is B from A? 答语有两种 1 Itsmeters/miles/kilometers(away)有米/英里/千米远 2 It s about ten minutes walk/ ride. 大约有十分钟步行/骑车的路程。 7.depend on/ upon 视而定取决于依靠+名词、代词或从句做宾语不用于进行时态和被动语态中。 8.have to 后加
7、动词原形侧重客观的需要有“不得不被迫”之意有多种时态形式否定式为dont have to(neednt)意为“不必”。 Must 侧重于说话者的主观看法认为有必要或有义务做某事只有现在时一种形式,否定式mustt意为“一定不要不允许禁止”反意词为“neednt”。 9.a number of+名词复数 +复数谓语 许多 the number of +名词复数+单数谓语 的数量 10.When it rains I take a taxi. 由when, while, since, until, before, after , as soon as, the first time 等 引导的时间
8、状语从句中由if, unless 等引导的条件状语从句中主句可以是一般将来时祈使句或有情态动词的句子从句要用一般现在时表将来。 11.感谢用语Thank you very much , Thanks a lot , Many thanks. 回答感谢用语的句子Thats ok /all right. 不用谢。You are welcome 不客气。 It is my pleasure./My pleasure./It is a pleasure.不客气、那是我的荣幸。Dont mention it。别在意。 It was nothing at all.那没什么。 三、语法归纳 （一）how 引
9、导的特殊疑问句 1.how 引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式其答语分三种情况 a. take a/an/the+交通工具单数 b. by+交通工具单数 c. on/in+限定词+交通工具 2. how far 用来提问距离多远其答语分为两种 1用长度单位表示It is five kilometers. 2用时间表示Its twenty minutes walk. 3.how long 用来提问时间意为多久回答常用“for+段时”。 -How long have you learnt English? -For 3 years. how soon 用来提问做完某事还需要多长时间 常用于将来时态时 常
10、用“in+时间段”来回答。 How soon will you arrive in Beijing? -In 3 hours. （二）宾语从句 1.在句子中起宾语作用的句子叫宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序。 2.宾语从句的连接词 1从属连词有that, if, whether。 Nobody knew whether she could pass the exam. I know that she is from America. 2连接代词有who, whom, whose, what 等 Do you know whose book it is? Could you tell me what
11、 your father looks like? 3连接副词有when, where, why, how等 He didnt tell me when we could meet again. I dont know how I can get there. 3.时态 1主句是一般现在时从句的时态由句子本身确定。 2主句是过去时 从句用过去时态。 3主句是过去时从句是客观真理时用一般现在四、知识讲授1、How do you get to school？(1) how是疑问副词，意为“如何,怎样，用什么手段”。本句为how引导的特殊疑问句，用以询问交通工具。 take + a/the + 表示交
12、通工具的名词，是动词短语，在句中作谓语。 by + 表示交通工具的单数名词或on/in + a/the +表示交通工具的单数名词，是介词短语，作方式状语。eg: I walk./ I get to school on foot.I ride my bike./ I get to school by bike./ I get to school on my bike.I take the bus./ I get to school by bus./ I get to school on the bus.【注意】by + 表示交通工具的单数名词时，名词前不能加任何冠词或者其他修饰词。(2)get
13、在句中为不及物动词，意为“到达”，常与to连用，但是表示目的地的词是副词here、there、home等时，则不需要用介词to。 eg: Theyll get to Beijing at six tonight. Ill get there on time.2、It takes about 25 minutes to walk.It takes sb sometime to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间【辨析】spend, cost, pay 与 take(1)spend 的主语必须是人。常用于 spendon sth或 spend(in) doing sth.意为“某人花时间/金钱
14、做某事”。 eg: I spent 5 dollars on the book.(2)cost的主语只能是事情。常用于sth cost sb some money意为“某物花费某人多少钱”。 eg: The skirt costs her 200 yuan.(3)pay的主语必须是人。长用于sb pay some money for sth.意为“某人为某物付款”。 eg: He paid 1000 yuan for the TV set.(4)take用于 It takes sb some time( money) to do sth. 句型中。 eg: It took him seven
15、days to make the big cake.3、Then the early bus takes him to school.taketo意为“把带到”【辨析】take，bring与fetchtake意为“带走，拿走”，强调从说话地将人和物带走别的地方去bring意为“带走”，强调将某人或某物从别的地方带到说话地来fetch意为“去拿，去取”，即离开说话地去取某物后再回来，强调动作的往返4、How do students around the world get to school ? (1)意为“环绕；围绕；绕过” eg: The earth moves around the sun.(2)表示“在四周” eg: There are many trees around
