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1、2022年考博英语-上海交通大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题The two pharmaceutical companies collaborated in developing new drugs to（ ） the pain of patients in the terminal stages of cancer.问题1选项A.alleviateB.confrontC.insulateD.terminate【答案】A【解析】动词辨析题。alleviate减轻, 缓和;confront勇敢地面对, 正视;insulate使绝缘,使隔离; terminate结束,终止。句意：这
2、两家制药公司合作开发新药，以减轻癌症晚期患者的痛苦。选项A 符合句意。2. 单选题Some plants are （ ） to disease and must be taken good care of for the whole growing period.问题1选项A.fantasticB.subordinateC.susceptibleD.imperative【答案】C【解析】形容词辨析题。fantastic极好的；subordinate从属的，次要的；susceptible易受影响的；imperative紧急的；必要的。句意：有些植物易受病害的影响，必须在整个生长过程中得到很好的照
3、顾。选项C符合句意。3. 单选题The brain drain of experts away from developing countries will greatly influence these countries development of （ ） industry.问题1选项A.complicatedB.sophisticatedC.primitiveD.collective【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。complicated复杂的,难懂的;sophisticated精密的,尖端的;primitive 原始的, 早期的; collective 集体的, 共同的。句意：发展中国
4、家髙技术人才的外流, 将会严重影响这些国家尖端工业的发展。选项B符合句意。4. 单选题In minutes he has taken over the whole （ ） , lying under the sink and squinting （眯眼看）up into the machinery.问题1选项A.conscienceB.restraintC.trialD.enterprise【答案】D【解析】名词词义辨析。conscience道德, 良心;restraint抑制, 约束;trial试验, 努力;enterprise企业, 进取心。句意：几分钟后, 他就接管了整个企业, 躺在水池
5、下面, 眯着眼睛看着机器。选项D符合句意。5. 单选题In the （ ） chapters, the professor has traced the redefinition of Britains global position in recent decades.问题1选项A.obsoleteB.abidingC.precedingD.wielding【答案】C【解析】形容词辨析题。obsolete废弃的，老旧的；abiding永久的，持久的，不变的；preceding在前的，前述的； wielding运用。句意：在前几章中，这位教授追溯了近几十年来英国全球地位的重新定义。选项C符合句
6、意。6. 单选题When she learned that she broke the world record, she felt an irresistible（ ） to cry at the winners stand.问题1选项A.courtesyB.demonstratesC.braveryD.impulse【答案】D【解析】名词辨析题。courtesy礼貌的, demonstrate举行示威游行（或集会）;说明;bravery勇敢;impulse突如其来的念头; 剌激, 推动力。句意：当她得知自己打破了世界纪录时，情不自禁地在领奖台上落泪了。选项D符合句意。7. 单选题Witho
7、ut outside （ ） Chinas advertising cannot really mature and obtain a foothold in the global ads market.问题1选项A.prestigeB.consumptionC.pressureD.controversy【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。 prestige威望,声望; consumption消费,耗费; pressure压力,压迫;controversy争论;争战。句意:没有外界的争议, 中国的广告就不可能真正成熟, 并且在全球广告市场上立足。选项D符合句意。8. 单选题When a Scott
8、ish research team startled the world by revealing three months ago that it had cloned an adult sheep, President Clinton moved swiftly. Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment alth
9、ough no one had proposed to do so and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning. That group - the national Bioethics Advisory Commission - has been worki
10、ng feverishly to put its wisdom on paper, and at a meeting on 17 May, members agreed on a near-final draft of the recommendations.NBAC will ask that Clintons 90-day ban on federal funds for human cloning be extended indefinitely, and possibly that it be made law. But NBAC members are planning to wor
11、d the recommendation narrowly to avoid new restrictions on research that involves the cloning of human DNA or cells - routine in molecular biology. The panel has not yet reached agreement on a crucial question, however, whether to recommend legislation that would make it a crime for private funding
12、to be used for human cloning.In a draft preface to the recommendations, discussed at the 17 May meeting, Shapiro suggested that the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be morally unacceptable to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning. Shapiro explained during the meetin
13、g that the moral doubt stems mainly from fears about the risk to the health of the chilD.The panel then informally accepted several general conclusions, although some details have not been settled.NBAC members also indicated that they will appeal to privately funded researchers and clinics not to tr
14、y to clone humans by body cell nuclear transfer. But they were divided on whether to go further by calling for a federal law that would impose a complete ban on human cloning. Shapiro and most members favored an appeal for such legislation. But in a phone interview, he said this issue was still up i
15、n the air.1.We can learn from the first paragraph that（ ） .2.The meaning of the word consensus in Paragraph 3 is closest to （ ） .3.The panel agreed on all of the following except that （ ） .4.Which of the following statements can be inferred from Paragraph 2?5.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that （ ） .问题1选项A.the White House responded strongly to the news of
