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1、高中英语语法知识词法部分讲解-连词及练习一、概念连词(conjunction.)是用来连接单词,短语,从句或句子的词。连词是虚词，所以不作成分。二、连词的分类：1.连词按其构成分为： 1)简单连词, 如: and, or, but, if, because ect. 2)关联连词, 如:bothand, not onlybut also ect. 3)分词连词, 如: supposing, considering, provided ect. 4)短语连词, 如:as if, as long as, in order that ect.2.连词按其性质分为 1)并列连词, 如: and, or
2、, but, for ect. 用来连接并列的单词、短语、从句或分句。 2)从属连词, 如: that, whether, when, although, because ect. 用来连接名词性从句或状语从句。三、连词的用法：并列连词:1.表示并列关系的连词有: and, bothand, not only but also,neithernor和as well as等。1) and: 和,并且A:基本用法:and表示 和,并且的意思,用来连接对等关系的字和字,片语和片语,句子和句子.eg.I enjoy basketball , football and table tennis. The
3、 weather becomes colder and colder.He didnt go and she didnt go either. 他没去，她也没去。B:特别用法:祁使句后连接and,有条件句作用,此时and=if you, youll eg.Go straight on, and youll see the library.=If you go straight on, you will see the library.2) bothand : 既也,(两者)都A.Both A and B + 谓语 (构成的词组作主语时,谓语动词用复数)。eg. Both Jim and Kat
4、e are from England. He both speaks and writes Spanish. A man should have both courage and perseverance. 一个人即应有勇气也要有毅力。 Both New York and London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。B.bothand否定句表示部分否定.eg.You cant speak both German and English. Both my father and my mother arent doctors.3) neithernor :
5、既不也不* Neither A nor B + 谓语( 与B相一致, 即连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词即采取就近原则。)eg.Neither I nor he has seen the play before. She couldnt speak the language, nor could she write it.She could neither speak the langauge nor write it. He moved steadily, looking neither left nor right.The weather is mild today; it is neithe
6、r hot nor cold. 今天天气很温暖，不冷也不热。4) not onlybut also :不但而且Not only A but also B + 谓语 ( 与B 相一致, 即连接两个主语后的谓语动词也遵循就近原则。)eg.Not only the mother but also the children are ill. It was noy only unkind but also untrue.5) as well as: 也; 还有A.基本用法: 常可连接两个并列的成分。 A as well as B + 谓语( 与A 相一致) +. 。eg.Lily as well as
7、Betty was in the room. It is important for you as well as for me.It is important for you as well as for me. 这对你和对我都很重要。B.特殊用法: as well as + 动名词, 有时可译为“(不仅)而且”, “除了还”。eg. Smoking is dangerous, as well as making you smell bad. 1. As well as breaking his leg, he broke his arm. She sings as well as play
8、ing the piano.2.表示转折关系的连词有:but, however, yet, still,while等.1) but : conj. 而; 相反; 然而; 除外；只有 A. 基本用法: 连接两个并列成分、并列分句。 eg. Not you but I am to blame. They see the trees but not the forest. Mary was a nice girl, but she had one shortcoming. She pretended to be angry, but she was not. Someone borrowed my
9、pen, but I dont remember who. 有人借了我的钢笔，但我不记得是谁了。B. 特殊用法: 用在某些否语后, 表示 “ 只”。eg. He eats nothing but hamburgers. She knows no one but you. No one but me saw her. I had no choice but to sign the contract. You have nobody but yourself to blame.2) however : adv. (连接副词)(1) 但是; 不过 eg.He said that it was so;
10、 he was mistaken, however.Your composition is fairly good, however, there is still some room for improvement.(2)不管怎样（如何） eg. They will never succeed, however much they try. However cold it is, she always goes swimming. He wanted to take no risk, however small. However carefully I explained, she stil
11、l didnt understand. He knew what he wanted; however he didnt know how to get it.(3) however: adv. (疑问副词)怎样 eg. However did you know that? / However did you find it?3) yet: conj. 但是; 却; 尽管; 然而A.基本用法: 连接词、短语、并列句等。eg.It is strange yet true. They are the same, yet not the same.Tom got up early, yet he f
12、ailed to catch the train. I have failed, yet I shall try again.He said he was our friend, yet he wouldnt help us. 他说他是我们的朋友，但却不肯帮助我们。B.特殊用法: (1)and yet : 然而; 可是 eg. Hes pleasant enough, and yet I dont like him. He has a good job, and yet he never seems to have any money.(2) yet 可与although/though 连用
13、eg. Although it was dark, yet he still went on his trip on foot.yet : adv. (1) 还 (多用于否定句) eg. The moon had not yet risen. I havent enough time yet.(2)已经 (疑问句) eg. Has he come yet?” “No, not yet.” Did you eat yet?(3)早晚;总有一天 (与could; might; may ect.连用, 表示将来还可能发生某事)eg. He may come yet. The plan may yet
14、 succeed. We may win yet. She could yet surprise us all.4) still : adv.仍然;仍旧;还 (连接副词)eg. He was very tired, still he kept on walking. He tried hard to look for it,still he couldnt find it.5) while : conj. 然而; 而 (对比两件事物,意思接近whereas)eg.Jane is hard working ,while her sister is quite lazy. I like tea while she likes coffee. Some people waste food while others havent enough.3.表示选择关系的并列连词有:or, eitheror,whether or等。1) or: 或,否则A:基本用法: or 表示 或 的意思,使用于两者之中选择一个的时候。(a)连接两个名词: eg. Would you like coffee or tes?-Is your friend English or American? -American. He doesnt like dumplin
