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1、2022年考博英语-四川农业大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题It has been shown that children who smoke have certain characteristics. Compared with non-smokers they are more rebellious, their work deteriorates (变坏) as they move up school, they are more likely to leave school early, and are more often delinquent (犯法的) and s
2、exually precocious (早熟). Many of these features can be summarized as anticipation of adulthood.There are a number of factors which determine the onset of smoking, and these are largely psychological and social. They include availability of cigarettes, curiosity, rebelliousness, appearing tough, anti
3、cipation of adulthood, social confidence, the example of parents and teachers, and smoking by friends and older brothers and sisters.It should be much easier to prevent children from starting to smoke than to persuade adults to give up the habit once established, but in fact this has proved very dif
4、ficult. The example set by people in authority, especially parents, health care workers, and teachers, is of prime importance. School rules should forbid smoking by children on the premises (大楼及附属建筑物). This rule has been introduced at Summer Hill School where I spent my rules, and even in those scho
5、ols which have tried to enforce no smoking by corporal (肉体的) punishment there is as much smoking as in other schools. Nevertheless, banning smoking is probably on balance beneficial. Teachers too should not smoke on school premises, at least not in front of children.1. In this passage the author put
6、s an emphasis on _.2. Which of the following is a common characteristic of young smokers?3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?4. The writer concludes that school rules to forbid smoking _.5. The authors attitude towards his writing is _.问题1选项A.the effect of smoking among ch
7、ildrenB.the difficulty in preventing children from smokingC.the reasons why children start smoking among childrenD.the measures to ban smoking among children问题2选项A.Disobedience.B.Laziness.C.Lack of intelligence.D.Vanity.问题3选项A.Some children start to smoke out of curiosity.B.Many children start to sm
8、oke because they want to appear mature.C.In order to have fewer children smokers, parents, teachers and health care workers should not smoke.D.It is not as difficult to prevent children from starting to smoke as to dissuade adults from smoking.问题4选项A.should be introduced, for it really works at the
9、school where he once studiedB.should not be introduced, for it may cause disturbanceC.should be introduced though it may not work effectivelyD.neednt be introduced as long as teachers dont smoke in front of children问题5选项A.objectiveB.emotionalC.criticalD.indifferent【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.
10、主旨大意题。文章开头介绍了吸烟儿童的特点，接着介绍了导致儿童吸烟的因素，最后指出防止儿童吸烟非常困难，需要各界做出许多努力，结合全文可知文章的重点应该是放在防止儿童吸烟的困难上的。因此B选项“防止儿童吸烟的困难”正确。A选项“儿童吸烟的影响”，C选项“儿童开始吸烟的原因”，D选项“禁止儿童吸烟的措施”均不是文章的重点，需要A, C, D错误。2.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第二句Compared with non-smokers they are more rebellious（与不吸烟的人相比，他们更叛逆），说明吸烟的儿童更叛逆，更不听话。因此A选项“不听话”正确。B选项“懒惰”，
11、C选项“缺少智慧”，D选项“虚荣”在文中均没有提及，所以B, C, D错误。3.客观细节题。A选项“有些孩子开始吸烟是出于好奇心”，B选项“许多孩子开始吸烟是因为他们想显得成熟”，由原文They include availability of cigarettes, curiosity, rebelliousness, appearing tough, anticipation of adulthood（这些因素包括是否有香烟、好奇心、叛逆、显得强硬、对成年的期待）可知，好奇心和想显得成熟属于儿童吸烟的原因，A, B选项表述正确，排除A, B。C选项“为了让更少的儿童吸烟，父母、教师和卫生保健
12、人员不应该吸烟”，由原文The example set by people in authority, especially parents, health care workers, and teachers, is of prime importance.（权威人士，特别是父母、卫生保健工作者和教师树立的榜样至关重要。）可知，C选项表述正确，排除C。D选项“防止儿童开始吸烟并不像劝阻成人吸烟那样困难”，由原文It should be much easier to prevent children from starting to smoke than to persuade adults
13、to give up the habit once established, but in fact this has proved very difficult.（防止儿童开始吸烟应该比说服成年人戒掉吸烟的习惯要容易得多，但事实证明这是非常困难的。）可知，防止儿童开始吸烟比劝阻成年人吸烟更困难，D选项不符合原文，所以本题选D。4.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第三、四句School rules should forbid smoking by children on the premises. This rule has been introduced at Summer Hill
14、School where I spent my rules, and even in those schools which have tried to enforce no smoking by corporal punishment there is as much smoking as in other schools.（校规应该禁止儿童在校内吸烟。这条规定已被引入夏山学校，在那里我推行了我的规定，甚至在那些试图通过体罚来强制禁止吸烟的学校，吸烟的人数也和其他学校一样多。），说明禁止吸烟的校规可能作用不大，但作者还是坚持引入这条规定。因此C选项“应该引入，尽管它可能不会有效地发挥作用”正
15、确。A选项“应该实行，因为这在他曾经就读的学校里确实有效”，B选项“不应该实行，因为它可能会引起骚乱”，D选项“只要教师不在孩子面前吸烟，就不需要引入”在文中均没有提及，所以A, B, D错误。5.观点态度题。结合全文可知，文章客观分析了吸烟儿童的特点、原因，和为了防止儿童吸烟可以采取的措施，整篇文章的态度是客观的，不带有主观褒贬或个人感情色彩。因此A选项“客观的”正确。B选项“感性的”，C选项“批判的”，D选项“无动于衷的”均不符合题意，所以B, C, D错误。2. 单选题In the business world today, Coca-Cola, a little more than a century old itself, stands out as the most successful product in the history of commerce. People on every continent, in almost every country of the world, are familiar with the name and taste of this world-famous soft drink.Coca-Cola was born in Atlanta on May 8, 1886, when Dr. John Styth Pem
