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1、2022年考博英语-中国农业科学院考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题The apartment was（ ）as $50,000 and its owner decided to sell it.问题1选项A.automatedB.assessedC.assertedD.avenged【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A项automate“使自动化”，B项assess“评定，估价”，C项assert“坚持，断言”，D项avenge“报复，报仇”。句意：这套公寓的估价为5万美元，房主决定卖掉它。根据句意，该题选B正确。2. 单选题The history of Lis career
2、 took its special course because it occurred at the end of imperial times, when institutional problems of traditional Chinese history became（ ）new elements brought in by the impact of the West.问题1选项A.togetherB.separatedC.unitedD.merged with【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义以及固定搭配辨析。A选项together“新潮的，情绪稳定的”；B选项separated
3、“分开的，分居”；C选项united“一致的，统一的”；D选项merged with“与结合；与联合”。merged with与融合，结合，由题干可知，中国传统以及西方新元素会产生融合。排除A选项，B选项；空格处前是become，后面是new elements，宾语，根据语法结构，不能直接在空格处加入形容词，代入C选项无法组成完整的句子，不符合语法结构，空格处填入的词应和become一起构成谓语。句意：当中国传统历史的体制问题与在西方影响下引入的新元素相时，由于处于帝国时期的末期，李的职业历史便走向了一条特殊的道路。因此D选项正确。3. 翻译题1. Translate the followin
4、g passage into Chinese.Water is a limited natural resource and a public good fundamental for life and health. The human right to water is indispensable for leading a life in human dignity. It is a prerequisite for the realization of other human rights. The Committee has been confronted continually w
5、ith the widespread denial of the right to water in developing as well as developed countries. Over 1 billion persons lack access to a basic water supply, while several billion do not have access to adequate sanitation, which is the primary cause of water contamination and diseases linked to water. T
6、he continuing contamination, depletion and unequal distribution of water is exacerbating existing poverty. States have to adopt effective measures to realize, without discrimination, the right to water.【答案】参考译文：水是一种有限的自然资源，是人们生活和健康的公共基本物质。水的权力是人类尊严的生活所必不可少的，是实现其他所有人权的先决条件。委员会一直面临着发展中国家以及发达国家对水的权力的普遍
7、反对。超过十亿人缺乏基本的水供给，而数十亿人没有适当的卫生设施，而这是水污染和水有关的疾病的主要原因。持续的污染、损耗和水的分配不均加剧了目前的贫困状况。国家应该放下歧视，采取有效措施来实现水权。4. 不定项选择题We do not know when man first began to use salt, but we do know that it has been used in many different ways throughout history. (21)（ ）evidence shows, for example, that people who lived over t
8、hree thousand years ago ate (22)（ ）fish. Stealing salt was considered a major crime at certain times in history. In the eighteenth century, for instance, if a person was (23)（ ）“stealing salt”, he could be put in prison. History reveals that about ten thousand people were put in prison during that c
9、entury (24)（ ）stealing salt.In the modern world salt has many uses (25)（ ）the dining table. It is used in making glass and airplane parts, in the (26)（ ）of crops and in killing weeds. It is also used to make water soft, to melt ice on roads and highways, to make soap, and to (27)（ ）colors in cloth.
10、Salt can be obtained in various ways, besides being taken from mines underground. Evaporation of salt water from the ocean or from salt water lakes or small seas is one of the (28)（ ）common processes for manufacturing salt. In Australia, it can even be taken from a “salt bush.” Yet, (29)（ ）it is obt
11、ained, salt will continue to play an important (30)（ ）in the lives of men and women everywhere.问题1选项A.AncientB.HistoricC.HistoricalD.Old问题2选项A.saltB.saltedC.saltingD.salty问题3选项A.arrestedB.caughtC.gotD.seized问题4选项A.asB.byC.forD.through问题5选项A.besidesB.beyondC.exceptD.over问题6选项A.bearingB.developingC.gr
12、owingD.training问题7选项A.fastenB.fixC.preserveD.tie问题8选项A.littleB.manyC.muchD.more问题9选项A.howeverB.whateverC.wheneverD.wherever问题10选项A.dutyB.functionC.responsibilityD.role【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:B第4题:C第5题:A第6题:C第7题:C第8题:B第9题:D第10题:D【解析】21.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考查上下文和词语辨析。A项ancient“古代的”，B项historic“有历史意义的”，C项historical“
13、历史的”，D项old“老的”。上文提到it has been used in many different ways throughout history（盐的使用方式在历史上有很多种），那么接下来的空格根据文章逻辑可知是表示“历史证明”，historical evidence表示“历史证明，史实”。故该题选C。22.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查词语辨析。A项salt“含盐的”，B项salted“用盐腌渍的，用盐调味的”，C项salting是salt的现在分词形式，D项salty“咸的；含盐的”。根据句子people who lived over three thousand years a
14、go atefish（生活在三千多年前的人们吃鱼），结合上文提到了盐，可知空格是表示“咸鱼，腌鱼”；salted fish表示“咸鱼，腌鱼”。故该题选B。23.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查动词辨析和语境。A项arrest“逮捕”，指根据法律或命令进行逮捕并予以监禁或拘留；B项catch“抓住”，指捉住跑动或隐藏中的人或动物，一般指活捉；C项get“得到”；D项seize“夺取，逮捕”，侧重指以突然、有力地动作迅速抓住或捉住。根据句子if a person was. “stealing salt”（如果一个人被偷盐），可知空格是表示“抓住”；故该题选B。24.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考查介词
15、辨析。A项as“作为”，B项by“通过”，C项for“为，因为”；D项through“通过”。根据句子History reveals that about ten thousand people were put in prison during that centurystealing salt.（历史表明，在那个世纪大约有一万人被关进监狱偷盐。），可知空格是表示原因；故该题选C。25.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查介词辨析。A项besides“除了还有，另外”，B项beyond“超过”，C项except“除外”；D项over“完全覆盖，翻转”。根据句子In the modern world salt has many usesthe dining table.（在现代，餐桌上，盐还有许多用途），结合后文可知空格是表示“除了”；故该题选A。26.【
