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1、名词性从句归纳、名词性从句概说、结构与功能名词性从句是起名词作用的从句，其功能相当于名词词组，在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。与之对应的名词性从句分别为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 名词性从句需要由不同的关联词来引导，和主句相连。主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句动宾介宾that不省略可以省略不省略不省略不省略whether/if放于句首 用 whether均可使用但有区别只用 whether只用 whether只用 whether特殊疑问词陈述句语序关系从句陈述句语序二、主语从句1、主语从句的类别以从属连词that引导的主语从句。（从句位于句首，that通常不省略）-
2、That she will come to the conference has excited every one of us.以从属连词whether引导的主语从句。（从句置于句首时一般不用if来代替whether）Whether well go outing depends on the weather.以连接代词（what, whatever, who, whoever, which, whichever等 词）引导的主语从句。Whoever will be in charge of the project hasnt been decided yet.【注】what与that在引导主
3、语从句时，what不但起连接作用，而且还有具体意义，意为“所的”，才目当于 the things that结构；而that则无词义。即如果从句中不缺少主语或宾语时，选择that，否则用what。以连接副词（when，where, how, why等词）引导的主语从句.- When the new road is open to traffic has not been made clear.2、用it作形式主语的主语从句注：以下几种特殊情况必须用it作形式主语： It is + adj. + that 从句常见的形容词有：necessary， right， likely， wrong， imp
4、ortant， certain， clear， obvious， strange 等。It is likely that there will be a snowstorm tomorrow.（2） It is + noun + that 从句常接这种句型的名词有： a pity, a shame, good news, a fact, an honor, a wonder, no wonder 等。It is a pity that you didnt attend the lecture 讲座yesterday.It is +过去分词常见的分词有：said, heard, reported
5、, decided, suggested, advised, ordered, thought, considered, pointed out, well known, hoped, turned out 等词- It is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out this experiment.It +特殊动词+ that从句常用于这种结构的动词有：seem, happen （碰巧），appear, occur等。It seems to me that you object to the plan.It h
6、appened that I didnt take any money with me. It doesnt matter how/whether.结构中的主语从句一 It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not.三、宾语从句1、动词的宾语从句）大多数动词都可以带有宾语从句 We all expect that they will win this match.常见的动词有：hope, tell, say, know, think, consider, imagine, hear, expect, suppose, guess等o有些“动词+副词”结构
7、也可带宾语从句。I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been soldout.可以运用形式宾语it的宾语从句： 动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe等后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而讲that宾语从句后置。I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 动词hate, take, have,
8、 see to等词在带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加it。（若宾语从句是WH，啄列引导，其后有to be短语作宾补，则不可以用it替代。）- I take it that you will agree with us.We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.2、介词的宾语从句一般情况下，介词后面只能用WH”系列连接词来引导的宾语从句。- We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.用that引导从句作介词宾语时，需要用形式宾语it替代，然后将that从句发
9、在最后。You may depend on it that I shall always help you. 偶尔的情况下，except, but, besides, in四个介词后面可接that引导的宾语从句I I know nothing about my new neighbor expect that he used to work in a company.I prefer his plan to yours in that I think it is more practical. （in that 表示原因）He would have failed but that you he
10、lped him. （but that 要不是，若非）3、形容词的宾语从句（l）sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied, sorry等表示“情感”色彩的形容词后也可以 带宾语从句。He is sure that they will make it in spite of the terrible weather.当主句中的谓语动词是think, say, guess, suppose, suggest, believe, feel, consider时，宾语从句的引导词表示疑问时，需要放在句首。- Wh
11、o do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?4、if和whether在宾语从句中用法的区别 Whether和if在作“是否讲时：I在下列几种情况下只能用whethero当被引导的宾语从句置于句首时。Whether they will join in the winter camp I dont care.引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语时。We are talking about whether he will come next week.从句中有“or not”时。I dont care wh
12、ether the work will take long or not. 引导词后接动词不定式时。I am just wondering whether to stay for another hour or just start offright away.当从句部分用if引导时，容易出现歧义时。Let me know whether you can come.*（此句话中若出现if,则不能判定if表示的含义为“是否”还是“如果”，容易有歧义。）II在动词ask, know, wonder,词后，只能用if。5、不可省略that的宾语从句当 that 作 learn, suggest, e
13、xplain, agree, wonder, prove, mean, st等动词的宾语时d常不省略。I have learnt that most of the students who are interested in Chinese take interest in English.）当宾语从句比较长时，that不省略。We all think that what the public is badly in need of is nothing but the development of economy.（我们大家都认为所急需的不是别的正是经济发展.）当主句状语置于宾语从句之前时。
14、I realized at once that I had done wrong immediately she told me all about this.当宾语从句的状语或状语从句置于其句首时。He told us that, if we could all come to help out, the whole situation would be looking up.当主句谓语动词（或非谓语动词）与宾语从句之间有插入语时。When Marx got to England, he found, however, that his English was so limited that
15、 he coudnt go on with his common affairs.当一个动词带有两个或两个以上并列的宾语从句时，此时第一个that可以省略，第二个that不可以。Then he began to talk to us about the French language, saying （that） it was the most beautiful tongue in the world, and that we must keep it among is and never forget it.当宾语从句的主语是this，that，或this，that为主语的定语时。Some students think that this kind of book can help them improve their English grammar.He said that the word that I wrote on the blackboard was wrongs当宾语从句为双宾语的直接宾语时。He told me tha
