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1、 非谓语作补语一带to的不定式（ to do ） 作宾补的动词常见的有：ask, invite, tell, want, encourage, wish, expect, beg, request, require, advise, order, force, cause, allow, permit, forbid, warn, remind, teach, send, call on, wait for, would like / love / prefer等表示劝请、要求类动词后，用带to的不定式作宾补1. My advisor encouraged _ a summer course
2、to improve my writing skills. (北京卷) A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take 2. The teacher asked us _ so much noise. (北京卷)A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make3. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. (全国卷)A. not to B. not t
3、o do C. not do it D. do not do4. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. (全国卷)A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating二. 在使役动词后作宾补的不定式不带to在使役动词make, let, have后，一般用不带to的不定式作宾补，但在其被动式后作主语补足语时，要加上to。1. Though he had often made his little sister _, today he was made _ by h
4、is little sister. A. cry, to cry B. crying, crying C. cry, cry D. to cry, cry2. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. (全国卷)A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning三在感官动词后作宾补的非谓语动词形式感官动词feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice，observe 等后面的宾语与作宾补的非谓语动词在逻辑上是主动关系时，用不带to的(在被动式
5、后作主补时要加to)不定式(全过程)或者现在分词作宾补(正在发生)，是被动关系是时，用过去分词作宾补1. They knew her very well. They had seen her _ up from childhood. (全国卷)A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow2. The missing boy were last seen _ near the river. (全国卷)A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play3. The managers discussed the plan
6、 that they would like to see _ the next year. (全国卷)A. carried out B. carrying out C. carry out D. to carry out四其宾语后可用分词或不定式的3个动词在want, get, have等动词的宾语后面可接现在分词、过去分词或动词不定式。现分述如下：want sb. doing希望某人做某事(多用于否定)；want sb. to do要某人做某事；want sth. done=want sth. to be done(被动)。I dont want you arriving late. 我希望
7、你不要迟到。(主动、否定句)I want the letter (to be) opened now. 我现在就想把这封信拆开。(被动)get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事(主动、将来); getdoing使开始做某事; getdone=have sth. done请人做 / 遭受(被动)。如：Ill try to get her _ the doctor. (上海卷)A. see B. seeing C. to see D. for seeinghave sth. done=get sth. done请人做某事; have sb / sth. doing sth. 使某人 /
8、某物一直做某事或者处于某种状态；have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事(见使役动词)；have sth. to do有事要做(见非谓语动词作定语部分)。1. He didnt keep on asking me the time any longer as he had had his watch _. (上海卷)A. to repair B. repaired C.repairing D. repair五可用分词但不用to do作补语的5个动词Leave，keep, find等后可用现在分词(主动)或过去分词(被动)作补语，一般不用to do。在catch(撞见), smell(闻到
9、), 等后通常只接现在分词作补语，不用不定式或过去分词。1. It was so cold that they kept the fire _ all night. (全国卷)A. to burn B. burnt C. burning D. burned2. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. (全国卷)A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked3. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the
10、pocket of a passenger. (安徽卷)A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting4. The salesman scolded the girl caught _ and let her off. (全国卷)A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. stealing5.Dont leave the water _ while you brush your teeth. (天津卷)A. run B. running C. being run D. to run。六make
11、oneself 后常用understood等过去分词作宾补make oneself understood / heard / seen / known让别人明白自己的意思 / 让自己讲的话被别人听到 / 让自己被别人看到 / 让自己被别人认识。如：1. The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _. (全国卷)A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard2. Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music. (广西卷)A. makin
12、g herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard 七可用to be或to have done作补语的9个动词在表示“认为”的think, consider, believe, suppose, prove, find, understand, judge, imagine等动词后，可跟to be作补语(认为是)，一般不跟to do；但在think, consider, believe等之后可跟to have done作补语(认为做了)。如：Charles Babage
13、is generally considered _ the first computer. (全国卷)A. to have invented B. inventing C. to invent D. having invented八在be said / reported 等后用不定式在be said, be reported, be believed, be supposed, be thought等后面，以及要求接不定式。1. He was reported to have broken the world record. 据报道他打破了世界纪录。=It is reported that h
14、e has broken the world record. 2. The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. (上海卷) A. cause B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused3. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. (全国卷)A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying九在介词with后作宾补的非谓语动词形式在with的宾语后，若用过去分词，表示宾语与过去分词在逻辑上是被动关系，且意味着
