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1、第十讲阅读理解题型及常规答题方法大学英语四六级考试阅读理解部分是众多考生最为担心的部分。此部分得分高低，对整个考试的成功与否起着决定性作用。阅读理解不仅考查学生的词汇量、语法知识、阅读速度等基本功，而且还考查学生判断、推理、归纳、总结等综合能力。阅读理解题虽说对考生要求较高，但我们在深入研究历届四六级阅读理解真题后发现，阅读理解的命题考点和测试题型均有一定的内在规律。考生只要基本功尚可，然后掌握了这些规律，其应试技巧必将大大提高，从而在众多强手中脱颖而岀。命题考点规律及其对应题型分析研究英语四六级考试阅读理解历届考题，可以发现命题者命制的考点是有一定规律的,）相对应。如果考生）相对应。如果考生
2、且考点规律常与某种题型（主旨题、细节题、逻辑题、观点态度题、词义题掌握了这些规律，就能在第一遍快速阅读短文时，敏锐地捕捉到考点并能预测可能会出的题型时，针对题干的少时间，从而避免大学英语四六级考试分册），将这些考点规考生此时应用笔在这些可能会出题的考点轻轻划上记号，等看完短文开始做题提问，迅速找到做记号的考点，再仔细分析、答题。这样，考生就能节省不开始做题时又要通阅全文盲目找考点。下面，我们结合历届四六级真题和90分突破阅读与简答分册（王长喜主编，学苑岀版社，以下简称律及对应题型归纳如下:1、列举处常考列举处指的是First,-(second,，Third,等逐步列岀，然后要求考生从列举岀的内
3、容中，选出符合题干要求的答案项。该考点常出题型是“细节事实题“。彳歹列1.Atthirdbigdiffereneebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:firstly,asmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordaneewiththelaw.Secondly,asexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.Theycanhardlydoboth.Mostofthetimesomeoft
4、hemhavetobreaktherulesinsmallways.Q:Whatsthepolicemansbiggestheadache?(A) Hehastogetthemostdesirableresultswithoutbreakingthelawinanyway.(B) Hehastojustifyhisarrestswhileunabletoprovidesufficientevidenceinmostcases.(C) Hecanhardlyfindenoughtimetolearncriminallawwhileburdenedwithnumerouscriminalcases
5、.(D) Hehastoprovidethebestpossiblepublicserviceattheleastpossibleexpense.(分析：选A。属事实细节题。依据文章，与电影中的警察很不相同的是，现实中警察既要绝对遵守法(firstly，)，又要及时破案(secondly,?)，这令他们很难两头兼顾，有时只有犯规。很明显，B、C、D二项都与文章内容不符。)在做此类细节事实题时，只要把细节考点(firstly,?secondly)找到，对照选项内容，跟细节事实不一致的就不是选项。考生只需细心一点都能辨清细节事实，选对答案。彳列2.Ibelievewehaveathree-part
6、missionforthepresent.First,wemustcontinuetopressforimprovementsinthequalityoflifethatpeoplecanmakeforthemselves.Second,wemastinvestigateandunderstandthelinkbetweenenvironmentandhealth.Third,wemustbeabletocommunicatetechnicalinformationinaformthatcitizenscanunderstand.lfwecanaccomplishthesethreegoals
7、inthisdecade,maybewecanfinallystopenvironmentaldegradation,andnotmerelyholditback.Wewillthenbeabletospendpollutiondollarstrulyonpreventionratherthanonbarrages.Q:whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?(A) Effortsshouldbeexertedonpollutionpreventioninsteadofonremedialmeasures.(B) Moremon
8、eyshouldbespentinordertostoppollution.(C) Ordinarycitizenshavenoaccesstotechnicalinformationonpollution.(D) Envionmentaldegradationwillbestoppedbytheendofthisdecade.(分析：选A。属事实细节题。专生只要看懂了文章内容三个方面，很容易排除掉B、C、D三项。)2、举例子打比喻的地方常考为了使自己的观点更有说服力、更加明确，作者经常用具体的例子打比方，句中常由as,suchas,forexample,forinstanee等引导的短语或句
9、子作为举例句，这些例句或比喻成为命题者提问的焦点。考生需注意的是例子或比喻一般是和文章或段落中心紧密相关的，常以”细节事实性“题型和”推断性”题型岀现，但偏倾于”推断性”题型。例1.Theopinionseemsridiculousbecause,foronething,computerslackthedrivesandemotionsoflivingcreatures.Butdrivescanbeprogrammedintothecomputersbrainjustasnatureprogrammedthemintoourhumanbrainsasapartoftheequipmentfor
10、survival.Q:Today,computersarestillinferiortomanintermsof.(A) decisionmaking(B)drivesandfeelings(见分册P145页)(C)growthofreasoning(D)informationabsorption(分析：选B项。这属辩认细节事实题，依据文章我们知道计算机缺少人类所具有的动机和情感：computerslackthedrivesandemotionsoflivingcreatures,至于动机可以被编入计算机程序，那是今后的事，就目前而言计算机在动机和情感方面不如人类。选项B符合题意。考生只要注意
11、到foronething后面一句话，即可选岀。)例2.?.However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintingwiththejournalisticinterviewbyvirtueofourrolesasreaderjisteners,andviewers.Evenso,trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisio
12、ninterviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysesandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates.Q:Thepassageismostlikeapartof。(A) anewsarticle(B)ajournalisticinterview(C)aresearchreport(D)apreface(分析：选D项。这属判断、推理题。考生在了解全文梗概之后，要正确地对文章的内容作岀判断，考生关键要看懂文章最后一句话：”？asthisbookindicates。由此便推断正确的答案是D项。)彳列3?.Inspiteofthecaseagainstnucle
13、arenergyoutlinedabove,nuclearenergyprogramsareexpanding.Suchanexpansionassumesacontinualgrowthinindustrialproductionandconsumerdemands.However,itisdoubtfulwhetherthisgrowthwillorcancontinueQ：Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesthewritersupport?(A)Thedemandforcommercialproductswillnotnecessarilykeepincr
14、easing.(B) Nuclearenergyissomethingwecannotdowithout.(C) Uraniumisagoodsourceofenergyforeconomicandecologicalreasons.(D) Greatersafetyprovisionscanbringabouttheexpansionofnucleareveryprogrammes.(分析：选A项，属推理题，依据文中”suchanexpansionassumes-.However,?-便可推断出A项正确。)3、引用人物论断处常考作者为了正确表达出自己观点或使论点更有依据，常常引用某名人的论断
15、或重要发现等。命题者常在此作文章。多以”推理性“题为主，有时也出”细节事实性“题型。例1.Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrewupandleavehomewhentheyre18,andthetruthisfarfromthat,sayssociologistLarryBumpersoftheUniversityofWisconsinQ:TherewasapparentlyatrendintheUSA.(A)foryoungadultstoleavetheirparentsandliveindependently.(B) Formiddleclassyoungadultstostaywiththeirparents.(C) Formarriedyoungadultstomovebackhomeafteralengthyabsence.(D)Forgoingadultstogetjobsnearbyinordertolivewiththeirparents.(分析：选A项。属推理题。作者引用的这句话意思是：”孩子长到18岁时应离开父母去独立生活的概念是没有道理的，而事实情况也并非如此。”而题干问：过去在美国显然有一种什么趋势。考生通过细心推断引文，便能选中A项：年轻的成年人应该离开父母而去独立生活。)
