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1、附录AThesignificaneeoflightweightAutomotivelightweightmainguidingprinciple:toensurestabilityonbasisofimprovedperformanee,energy-savingdesignoftheassemblypartscontinuousoptimizationmodelspectrum.Thelightweightcar,thecaristoensurestrengthandsecurityofthepremise,asfaraspossibletoreducethecarscurbweight,t
2、herebyenhancingthecarspower,reducingfuelconsumptionandreduceexhaustpollution.Experimentsshowthatif10%ofautomobileweightreduction,fuelefficiencycanbincreasedby6%-8%;vehiclecurbweightisreducedby100kghundredkilometerscanbereduced0.3-0.6liters;1%ofvehicleweightreduction,fuelconsumptioncanbereduced0.7%.A
3、tpresent,duetotheneedforenvironmentalprotectionandenergysaving,lightweightcarhasbecometheworldtrendofautomobiledevelopment.Lightweightcaristhemainway: mainstreamcarmodelscontinuetooptimizethesize,specificationsizetoretainthemainparametersofthepremise,toenhancethestructuralstrengthofthevehicle,reduci
4、ngtheamountofsupplies;useoflightweightmaterials.Suchasaluminum,magnesium,ceramic,plastic,fiberglassorcarbonfibercompositematerials;Thecomputerdesign.Suchasfiniteelementanalysis,localreinforcementdesign;theuseofload-bearingbody,thinningthethicknessofthebodysheetmetal.Amongthem,thecurrentmajorautomoti
5、velightweightmeasuresmainlytheuseoflightweightmaterials.forautomotivelightweightdesignofthemetalmaterialThemainvehiclethroughthecarslightweightmaterialstoimproveeconomytocontribute.Theoreticalanalysisandexperimentalresultsshowthlightweightistoimprovevehiclefueleconomyandeffectiveway.Inordertoequirem
6、entsoflightweightvehicles,somenewmaterialemergedandexpandedthescopeofapplication.NonferrousAlloysTopassengercars,the1973vehicleusedbythenon-ferrousalloyofthetotaltimberweightratioof5.0%in1980to5.6%,whilein1997itreachNon-ferrousalloysinautomotiveapplicationsistherapidgrowthtrendofdevelopmentofautomot
7、ivematerials.AluminumSteelaluminumdensityofabout1/3isthemostwidelyusedlightmaterials.UnitedStatesproductionofautomotiveproducts,forexample,aluminumalloy1976pervehicleisonly39kg,1982reached62kg,whilein1998itreach100kg.(1) castaluminumalloyManyelementscanbeusedascastaluminumalloyelements,onlySi,Cu,Mg,
8、Mn,Zn,Liinthemassproductionofgreatsignificanee.Ofcourse,widelyusedinthecarisnotthesimplebinaryalloybutalsoavarietyofelementsaddedtoobtainagoodoverallperformanee.Theautomobileindustryisthemainmarketofaluminumeastings,suchasJapan,76%ofaluminumeastings,aluminumdieeasting77%ofautomotiveeastings.Mainlyus
9、edinaluminumalloyenginebloekeastings,eylinderheads,pistons,intakemanifold,roekerarms,enginemountbraeket,aireompressorconnectingrod,elutehhousings,elutehhousings,wheels,brakeparts,handlesandeovershell-typepartsandsoon.Aluminumeastinginevitablyflawed,eastingcannotbeheattreatedprodueearesultintheuseofh
10、igherstrengthaluminumalloyeastingsislimited.Ontheeastingforthisproductionprocesshasbeenimproved,semi-solideastingforgingformingmethodandmethodwillbeusedtocraftthefuturemore.(2) deformationofaluminumalloyReferstodeformationofaluminumalloyaluminumalloyplateandextrusionsandforgingmaterials,mainlyusedin
11、automotivebodypanelsontheboengineradiators,aireonditioningcondenser,evaporator,wheels,trimandsuspensionparts.Astheeffectisobviouslightweight,aluminumalloyearbodyapplieationsisexpanding.September1990astheJapanesestartedsellingearswithaHondaNSXUnibodyaluminum,coldrolledsteelplatethaninthesamelight200k
12、gbodyattractedworldwideattention.NSXtotheentirevehiclewithaluminum31.3%,asinthealuminumearbody,usingthe6000seriesalloyouterplate,innerplatewith5052-0alloy,mostusethe5182-0alloyframe;thatthesidedoorofthestrengthandstiffnessrequirementsarehigh,theuseofthe6N01alloy-based,appropriateadjustmentstotheMgan
13、dSicontentofthealloy.AlsousefulinEuropeandAmericafor2036and2008alloyplatesinsideandoutsidethebody.AluminumradiatororiginatedinEuropeandthenthroughouttheworld.InEurope,afterthe1980s,aluminumradiatorhasoccupied90%ofthemarket.With?Caraireonditioning,oilcoolers,etc.Theextensiveuseofaluminumheatexehanger
14、smarketisrapidlyexpanding.Fromthematerialpointofview,aluminumheatexehangersinawiderangeofcoatingmaterialappliedtoalargeextentduetoaluminumandaluminumeladdingsuccessfuldevelopment.(3) aluminummatrixcompositesLowdensityofaluminummatrixcomposites,strengthandhighmodulus,goodthermalfatigueproperties,buti
15、nautomotiveapplieationsbythepriceandproductionqualityeontrolandothereonstraints,havenotformedalargescale.Currently,aluminummatrixcompositesintheconnectingrod,piston,eylinderbodyholes,brakedises,brakecalipersandotherpartsofthedriveshafttubetestorshowingsuperiorperformanee,suchasdevelopedbyHondadoesno
16、t?Enhaneedaluminummatrixcompositewirerodsteelroddownmorethan30%weightonthe1.2Lgasolineenginecanincreasefueleconomy5%;usingchilledaluminumpowderandSiCpowder(weightpereentageof2%)andmixedextrudedintorods,forgedwiththeshapeofthepistonrodforhighstrengthcanbe20%lowerweight,enginepowerhasincreasedsignificantly;compositeenhaneedwithaluminumpistonheadtocancelthefirstringgrooveofausteniticcastironinsertscandropweight20%;aluminummatrixcompositebrakediscsreducewe
