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1、2022年考博英语-中国社会科学院考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Although it rules that these is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect, a （ ） moral principle holding that an action having two effectsa good one that is intended and a harmf
2、ul one that is foreseenis permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.问题1选项A.centurys oldB.century oldC.centuriess oldD.centuries-old【答案】A【解析】考查名词所有格。空格后有名词principle，因此空格处为定语。名词不能直接修饰名词，需要加上名词所有格形式，century加上s，可表示“长达一个世纪的”，前面的冠词a决定century为单数。因此A选项符合题意。2. 单选题Legally,the term refers to “any s
3、ubstance, with Aintended use, which results or may reasonably expected to resultdirectly or indirectlyBfrom its becoming a component or Cotherwise affecting the characteristics of any food” . This definition includes any substance used in the production, processing, Dtreatment, packaging, transporta
4、tion orstorage of food.问题1选项A.intendedB.fromC.otherwise affectingD.treatment【答案】D【解析】考查语义。D选项treatment“处理，待遇”与其前面的processing“加工”在词义上是重复的，应删除。3. 单选题The British public was slowly eased into the knowledge that what had been seen as a fairytale marriage has been Adeeply miserable. A separation was annou
5、nced in 1992. On that television program in 1995 Diana hinted that the Bprincess might never become king. As for herself she would like to be C“king of peoples hearts”. The put-upon real queen had Dhad enough.问题1选项A.deeplyB.princessC.“king of peoples hearts”D.had【答案】B【解析】考查混用词语。B选项处指的是Prince Charles
6、，应把princess改为prince。4. 单选题But Naifeh and Smith reveal a keen intellect,an avid reader and a passionate observer of other artists work who progressed from labored figure studies to inspired outbursts of creative energy. Far from an artistic flash in the pan, he pursued his calling with dogged determi
7、nation against nearly insurmountable odds.问题1选项A.insuperableB.unsurpassableC.uncountableD.invaluable【答案】A【解析】句中说到他“with dogged determination”，坚持不懈地追求自己的理想，因此insurmountable odds必然代表“无法克服的困难”这一含义。A选项insuperable“不能克服的”；B选项unsurpassable“无法超越的”；C选项uncountable“无数的；不可数的”；D选项invaluable“无价的；非常贵重的”。从句意上来判断，这里
8、的nearly insurmountable odds指的是“几乎无法克服的障碍”，因此A选项符合题意。5. 单选题What are Athe qualities that a person needs in order to make a great speech? There is an old Chinese saying Bthat goes, “a man is good because of his mouth, and a horse is good because of its legs.” Humans Chave ability to communicate through
9、 speech, and in speech we have a special opportunity Dto make impact.问题1选项A.the qualitiesB.that goesC.have abilityD.to make impact【答案】D【解析】考查固定用法。D选项处应表示“产生影响”，impact是可数名词，因此正确用法应为“to make an impact”。6. 翻译题Translate the following sentences into good English.（1）孔子被中国各阶层的民众所铭记的原因有很多，其中一个最主要的因素就是孔子所倡导的
10、教育方法通过提问引导学生思考。他还坚持教育中最重要的是人格的塑造。从后人叙述的关于孔子的故事可知，他所倡导的是因材施教。（2）多年来，中国共产党和中国政府从基本国情出发，把人民的生存权、发展权放在首位，致力于减贫脱贫，努力保障和改善民生，发展各项社会事业，使发展成果更多更公平地惠及全体人民，保障人民平等参与、平等发展的权利。（3）最近的争论是关于修改欧盟的宪章问题。欧盟明年要增加十个成员国，需要有新的宪章来自我约束。因此各国政府正在构思修订有关外交事务、税收、政治避难和司法政策等问题的法规，并赋予欧洲议会更多的权利。【答案】（1）There are many reasons why Confu
11、cius can be remembered by Chinese people from all walks of life, one of the most important factors is the method of education advocated by him to guide students to ponder by asking questions. Moreover, he insisted that the shaping of personality was the most important thing in educational activity.
12、The stories about Confucius told by later generations shown that he proposed teach students in accordance of their aptitude.（2）Over the years, based on the prevailing national conditions, the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Chinese government have remained committed to a development concept t
13、hat puts peoples right to subsistence and to development first. Committed to reducing and eliminating poverty, China has endeavored to guarantee and improve peoples well-being, and developed a full range of social undertakings, so as to ensure that the results of development benefit all the people i
14、n a fairer way, and that all enjoy the rights to equal participation and equal development.（3）The recent debate was about modifying EU Charter. Next year EU will have ten member states added to it and need a new Charter to restrain itself. Thus, each member state of EU is now thinking about how to r
15、evise the laws and regulations concerning foreign affairs, taxation, political asylum, judicial policies and son on, and give European Parliament more rights.7. 单选题If early humans （ ）as much as they did, they probably （ ）to evolve into different species.问题1选项A.did not move and intermingle. would continueB.would not move and intermingle. had continuedC.had not moved and intermingled. would have continuedD.were not to move and intermingle. could have continued【答案】C【
