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1、2022年考博英语-南开大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题These small companies now have their own（ ）identity.问题1选项A.discreetB.discreteC.separatedD.isolated【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。discreet“谨慎的, 小心的”;discrete“离散的;独立的”;separated“分开的;分居的”;isolated“孤立的;单独的”。句意:这些小公司现在都有了它们自己独立的身份。选项B更符合句意。2. 单选题I think you can take a(n) （ ） langua
2、ge course to improve your English.问题1选项A.middleB.intermediateC.mediumD.average【答案】B【解析】近义词辨析。middle“中间的，中部的”, 侧重方位;intermediate“中间的，中级的”, 侧重难易的程度;medium“中等的”, 侧重尺寸上的大小;average“平均的，普通的”。句意:我觉得你可以上一门中级语言课程来提高你的英语水平。选项B符合语境。3. 单选题Crisis would be the right term to describe the （ ） in many animal species
3、.问题1选项A.minimizationB.restrictionC.descentD.decline【答案】D【解析】名词词义辨析。minimization最小化；restriction限制；descent下降；decline衰退。既然是危机，表示事态比较严重，所以用衰退来形容许多动物物种最为恰当。选项D正确。4. 单选题A man has to make （ ） for his old age by putting aside enough to live on when old.问题1选项A.supplyB.assuranceC.provisionD.adjustment【答案】C【解析
4、】固定搭配。make provision for指为.预先采取措施, 为作好准备。句意:一个人必须为自己的老年提前做准备, 存下足够的钱以备老年之需。选项C正确。5. 单选题The doctor told me the medicine can （ ） my headache without doing me any harm.问题1选项A.healB.improveC.cureD.treat【答案】C【解析】名词词义辨析。句意：医生告诉我这种药可以治愈我的头痛而不伤害我。选项A，C，D均表示治疗。heal多指创伤，外伤愈合；cure多指病后恢复健康；treat多指对伤口或者病情进行诊断，强调
5、过程。所以选项C符合语境。6. 单选题The discussion was so prolonged and exhausting that （ ） we had to stop for refreshments.问题1选项A.at largeB.at easeC.at randomD.at intervals【答案】D【解析】固定搭配词组辨析。at large“详尽的”;at ease“安逸, 舒适”;at random“随便地, 任意地”;at intervals“不时地, 间断地”。句意:讨论时间太长, 使人精疲力竭, 我们不得不不时地停下来吃点点心。选项D符合句意。7. 写作题Nowa
6、days, advertisements can be found everywhere in a big city such as Shanghai. They shout at us from the television screen and radio loudspeakers, wave to us from every page of the newspaper, signal to us from the roadside billboards all day and flash messages to us in colored lights all night. What d
7、o you think of the flood of advertising make any contribution to our society? For this part you are to write a composition on the topic If There Were No Advertisements. You should illustrate your viewpoints on advertisement in no less than 200 words. 【答案】8. 单选题The ancient Greeks had the notion of sc
8、ience as methodical knowledge, （ ） and universally valid.问题1选项A.compellingly certainB.compel certainC.complete certainD.very sure【答案】A【解析】副词搭配。句意:古希腊人认为科学是一种有系统的知识，具有令人信服的确定性和普遍有效性。根据后面的“universally valid”可推测，填空处也应该为副词+形容词的搭配，所以首先排除选项B和C，compellingly与certain搭配使用, 表示“令人信服地确定”的意思。所以选项A更符合语境。9. 单选题Anyo
9、ne who trains animals recognizes that human and animal perceptual capacities are different. For most humans, seeing is believing, although we do occasionally brood about whether we can believe our eyes. The other senses are largely ancillary; most of us do not know how we might go about either doubt
10、ing or believing our noses. But for dogs, scenting is believing. A dogs nose is to ours as the wrinkled surface of our complex brain is to the surface of an egg. A dog who did comparative psychology might easily worry about our consciousness or lack thereof, just as we worry about the consciousness
11、of a squid.We who take sight for granted can draw pictures of scent, but we have no language for doing it the other way about, no way to represent something visually familiar by means of actual scent. Most humans cannot know, with their limited noses, what they can imagine about being deaf, blind, m
12、ute, or paralyzed. The sighted can, for example, speak of a blind person as “in the darkness,” but there is no corollary expression for what it is that we are in relationship to scent. If we tried to coin words, we might come up with something like “scent-blind.” But what would it mean? It couldnt h
13、ave the sort of meaning that “color-blind” and “tone-deaf” do, because most of us have experienced what “tone” and “color” mean in those expressions, but we dont know what “scent” means in the expression “scent-blind.” Scent for many of us can be only a theoretical, technical expression that we use
14、because our grammar requires that we have a noun to go in the sentences we are prompted to utter about animals, tracking. We dont have a sense of scent. What we do have is a sense of smellfor Thanksgiving dinner and skunks and a number of things we call chemicals.So if Fido and I are sitting on the
15、terrace, admiring the view, we inhabit worlds with radically different principles of phenomenology. Say that the wind is to our backs. Our world lies all before us, within a 180 degree angle. The dogswell, we dont know, do we?He sees roughly the same things that I see but he believes the scents of the garden behind us. He marks the path of the black-and white cat as she moves among the roses in
